America Needs an Alternative to Prison :: Argument Argumentative

America Needs an Alternative to Prison America's detainment facilities have been designated graduate schools for wrongdoing. It makes sense: Take a gathering of individuals, strip them of assets and security, open them to steady dangers of brutality, pack their phone square, deny them of significant work, and the outcome is a disenchanted underclass more purpose on settling the score with society than adding to it. Jails take the peaceful guilty party and make him live by viciousness. They take the peaceful guilty party and make him a solidified executioner. America needs to wake up and understand that the current structure of our corrective framework is flopping awfully. The legislature needs to devise better approaches to rebuff the blameworthy, and still figure out how to keep American residents fulfilled that our jail framework is as yet successful. Americans pay a lot for penitentiaries to flop so severely. Like all large government arrangements, they are costly. Over the span of my investigations managing the criminal equity framework, I have discovered that the administration spends around eighty-thousand dollars to construct one cell, and $28,000 every year to keep a detainee bolted up. That is about equivalent to the expense of sending an understudy to Harvard. In view of congestion, it is evaluated that more than ten-billion dollars in development is expected to make adequate space for simply the current jail populace. The plain truth is that the very idea of jail, regardless of how others conscious society endeavors to make it, creates a situation that is unavoidably annihilating to its occupants. Regardless of whether their discharge is postponed by longer sentences, those occupants unavoidably come back to harm the network, and we are paying as much as possible to make this conceivable. For what reason should citizens be compelled to pay adds up to keep peaceful crooks sitting in jail cells where they become unpleasant and bound to rehash their offenses when they are discharged? Rather, why not set them to work outside jail where they could take care of the survivors of their violations? The administration should start work programs; where the criminal is given an occupation and must give up their profit to the survivor of their wrongdoing until the psychological and physical harms of their casualties are gotten the job done. A court will decide how much cash the criminal should pay for his compensation costs, and what work the criminal should never really back that compensation. The most clear advantage of this methodology is that it deals with the person in question, the overlooked individual in the current framework.

Macro-environment and Micro-environment for Topshop

Full scale condition and Micro-condition for Topshop Presentation As a worldwide promoting director of Topshop, it is important to consider extending its worldwide showcasing. China is a decent decision as it claims countless people. What's more, nearby changing ways of life and pay development, Chinas style retail showcase is blasting (Reuters, 2007[Online]). For Topshop, it implies numerous potential clients. Be that as it may, some other global brands, as Zara and HM, have opened its market in China for barely any years and have made client devotion somewhat. At that point, before going into Chinese market, it is still need to cause a definite examination of the entire Chinese condition to incorporate inward and outer and choose the most reasonable section procedure for Topshop on the off chance that it needs to be fruitful. Circumstance of Topshop: Association diagram Topshop is a U.K. based garments store chain which is established in1964 for young ladies selling style garments, shoes and embellishments and furthermore is a piece of the Arcadia Group (Mahalo.com, 2010 [Online]). It is possessed by Sir Philip Green and the stores highlight Kate Mosss originator styles (Mahalo.com, 2010 [Online]). Presently, the lead store in London Oxford Street is the greatest style store in Europe. It works in excess of 20 nations as of now and has more than 309 style stores across the nation, and 50 stores outside the UK (Oppapers.com, 2008 [Online]). It likewise has a site where you can purchase a ton of the Topshop (Oppapers.com, 2008 [Online]). SWOT examination Quality of Topshop as it has a place with Arcadia Group which dealing with a few fruitful brands, and has gotten to target showcase with more than 300 stores across the nation (marangonimarketing.blogspot.com, 2008[Online]). It gives various decisions in product offerings and structure assortment of items with a large number of looks per season inventively (Irina Klebelsberg, 2008[Online]). Rival different brands, it likewise offers free close to home style experts (Irina Klebelsberg, 2008[Online]). Furthermore, web site causes it to pull in more clients around the globe and make everyone shopping on the web rapidly (marangonimarketing.blogspot.com, 2008[Online]). These make Topshop keep pattern of mindfulness and follow the design (Irina Klebelsberg, 2008[Online]). Shortcoming of Topshop is that the organization is worldwide, yet it has a nearness in hardly any nations around the world (Irina Klebelsberg, 2008[Online]). An enormous number of staff and items make it hard to oversee and build the administration costs. What's more, large store space lead to frail client administrations. On web shopping, there is no detail and size for decorates (marangonimarketing.blogspot.com, 2008[Online]). In addition, a few pieces of clothing quality isn't coordinating with the value (Irina Klebelsberg, 2008[Online]). Open doors for Topshop are about countless individuals in China which implies it can get numerous potential shoppers. Contrasted and other style retailers, it isn't simply target youthful Chinese, yet in addition white-apprehended specialists and a piece of moderately aged people who follow the most stylish trend in China, as this sort of design gathering can manage the cost of it and ready to spend on design (Reuters, 2007). It is simpler for drawing in Chinese clients and makes them think about this brand by web based shopping to expand income and benefits (marangonimarketing.blogspot.com, 2008[Online]). Dangers consistently reflected by its rivals, for example, Zara and HM, likewise are quick style retailers who have gone into China and have a status for few years(Irina Klebelsberg, 2008[Online]). In the event that Topshop needs to be effective in China, it is important to show its exceptional highlights and improve quality and hold low cost and great structure, since its rivals help out top planners and style symbols as well (marangonimarketing.blogspot.com, 2008[Online]). Whats more, it needs to confront a few impediments from government arrangements and to think about the social and requests of China as quickly as time permits. Key contenders For Topshop, Zara and HM are viewed as universal rivals in China, as every one of them have some regular highlights as style retailing. For instance, they are all innovativeness, quality plan and fast turnaround to conform to changing business sector request (Thinking made simple, 2009[Online]). In any case, Zara is the nearest contender for Topshop as a result of the relative more significant expense than HM. Somewhat, HM is less in vogue. Examination of China: Vermin investigation In parts of arrangements, China demands its method of tranquil turn of events and saves the stable political circumstance for a drawn out which offers an ideal outer condition for Topshop to build up its market. What's more, the legislature likewise improves its consideration on abroad subsidized ventures and builds up a well situation for speculation to accomplish its objective of venture fascination. By financial aspects, from 2003 to 2010, GDP in China has expanded all in all (genuine development rate appeared as the graph underneath) which implies the development in the expectation for everyday comforts. In addition, this mirrors buy power has been improved. It proposes that customers can bear the cost of its items at sensible cost if Topshop go into Chinese. China GDP (indexmundi.com, 2010) In social, China is a nation with a huge populace which implies numerous potential shoppers for Topshop. What's more, it focuses with the exception of youthful, additionally incorporates white-busted specialists (Reuters, 2007). In China, they are both giving more consideration on style items and brands. It isn't hard for Topshop to be another concentration as an acclaimed worldwide brand. About advancements, in China, E-trade turns out to be increasingly more famous these days. In correlation, shopping on the web is increasingly impeccable in such a creating nation. It is simpler to set up its own system stage to publicize and sell items for Topshop. It is additionally a valuable method to draw in purchasers. The hypothesis of Porters precious stone (Worth based management.net, 2010) The four purpose of the precious stone contributes towards worldwide accomplishment as the image appears (Henry, 2008). Factor conditions as China has enormous populaces and have a low work costs. What's more, immaculate system it makes make it fruitful in business, particularly for selling. Requests conditions as different clients requests in China make Topshop to improve and give an understanding into future worldwide patterns for Topshop remain in a superior situation to misuse (Henry, 2008). To help out Chinese providers furnish Topshop with the most financially savvy inputs and speaks with neighborhood providers can make Topshop to find out about new design highlights to shape new styles (Henry, 2008). The structure of Chinese market is mind boggling and staggered with an enormous and different interest (Xinhua, 2009 [Online]). With this element, it might function admirably in retailing ventures. For Topshop, as a style retailer, it is driven by a need of in vogue and in vogue f or giving items to fulfill needs assortment which suit for current Chinese market (elegman.com, 2005 [Online]). Furthermore, the existed solid contenders make pressures for Topshop to refresh to contend effectively (Henry, 2008). The hypothesis of Porters Five Forces www.anythingresearch.com The five powers as the image shows are utilized to break down for evaluating the serious condition (Henry, 2008). The danger of new participants relies upon section hindrances and the response of existing contenders (Henry, 2008). For Topshop, if passage hindrances are high, the dangers of new contestants will be low. For instance, as a worldwide brand, Topshop as of now has a huge scope, somewhat, it can accomplish economies of scale to diminish its costs, acquire benefits with more grounded proclivity. At that point, if new participants without enough quality, it will be hard to section into the business and the dangers will be low for Topshop. Dealing intensity of purchasers, purchasers consistently need lower cost and more administrations and can foresee great (Henry, 2008).Topshop needs to face to the powers originate from purchasers, if items can not fulfill clients requests, they will discover different items to supplant which prompts the loss of clients. This asks Topshop to make items with sensible cost and high caliber. Bartering intensity of providers, here and there the expenses of Topshop dependent on its providers. It is pointless to stress over if Topshop has numerous providers since it has chance to pick one which can offer lower costs. Be that as it may, if less providers can give merchandise and enterprises to it, the benefits might be diminished as providers will request significant expenses and there is no space to pick. Danger of replacement, there are items and administrations can address comparative issues, if Topshop can't fulfill clients needs, particularly for value, they will pick another (Henry, 2008). It needs to under the weight and changes its cost for keeping up its clients and benefits. The power of contention, Zara is the nearest contender for Topshop as the comparable cost and items, so it needs to confront a solid rivalry. Also, both them target youthful people. The opposition likewise is reflected to pick up clients. What makes China alluring to put resources into China keeps its stable political circumstance by tranquil turn of events and offers an ideal domain to draw in speculation of remote financed ventures. Furthermore, countless populaces which recommends numerous potential clients make it alluring for Topshop to put resources into. In addition, it merits contributing as the disposition for following the style is eager and individuals likewise ready to spend on it (Reuters, 2007). Despite the fact that it needs to confront the weight of rivalry, Topshop still can keep up its upper hand with sensible value, great structure and high caliber. Accessible market passage techniques for Topshop: Sending out is one of section mode systems for Topshop as it can make products and enterprises in UK and sells them in China. This technique gives a chance to Topshop to secure worldwide experience for diminishing its hazard introduction and asset responsibilities (Henry, 2008). Be that as it may, for Topshop, a popular worldwide brand, has e

International Relations - feminist movement Essay

Global Relations - women's activist development - Essay Example Women's liberation and their development for equivalent treatment and sexual orientation fairness, here and there, prevailing in their different destinations most particularly in making their battles known. In the previous barely any decades, banters on the connection among woman's rights and global relations have followed as the women's activists fight that worldwide relations has neglected to grasp sexual equity in the two its standard and standard speculations. Subsequently, the most recent few decades were said to be the beginning of attack of woman's rights on the center of universal relations. Ann Tickner, one of the main promoters of the women's activist study in global relations declares that worldwide legislative issues is absolutely man's domain.1 She expresses that lone men are given the benefit to engage in fighting and includes that the manly territory incorporates universal governmental issues as well as incorporates tact and military service.2 conversely, ladies had co nsistently been, as per Tickner, wouldn't be grasped in discretion or the military as she further sees that ladies in worldwide legislative issues are limited to territories, for example, global political economy, North-South issues and distributive equity related issues. The investigation of sexual impartiality under this field is critical as Sarah Brown proposes that the investigation of universal relations includes the 'distinguishing proof of and clarification of social delineation and of imbalance' as arranged in the worldwide relations level.3 In the light of this discussion, this paper will endeavor to answer the gravity of women's activist declarations or if unbiased speculations exist in the region of global relations and why the response to this is noteworthy to the order in general. One of the significant women's activist investigates of worldwide relations (IR) asserts that the majority of the hypotheses set forward by IR don't bolster reality and has consistently been a domain of the guys. Sarah Brown sees that the suspicion that ladies should be incorporated or considered in the controls - a liberal-women's activist concern, just suggests that ladies were not so much there in the first place.4 International relations is mum about ladies. This solitary implies that topic would not reject ladies in the field on the off chance that it were sexually unbiased. The nonappearance of ladies in the hypotheses of the order is said to be 'hegemonic'5 as universal relations neglected to advance sex related speculations in which ladies are 'brought into the discipline'.6 Hence, promoters of this view, proposed to grasp ladies in the discipline.7 So as to comprehend what these studies set forward, it is likewise huge to fathom the contentions that woman's rights in the field of IR is advancing. It is said that the most overall supposition we can gather about the universe of governmental issues and global relations is that it is characteristic and nonpartisan. This declaration alludes to the jobs of guys and females with respects their sex. Be that as it may, the thought of sexual orientation, its general definition and suggestions should initially be comprehended. Sexual orientation for the most part alludes to the personality of females and guys as they are imagined in specific societies. These personalities infer socio-social characteristics appointed to ladies and men rather than the naturally characterized differentiation between the genders. Sandra Whitworth states that sexual orientation doesn't infer the sex of either ladies or men however to the thought offered on their disparities. Therefore sex is a 'socially constructed'8 meaning of the differentiation

Cheap Paper Writing Services - How to Find Them Online

Cheap Paper Writing Services - How to Find Them OnlineHow can you get the cheapest paper writing services online? The answer is quite simple: you must use search engines.In other words, the best way to get the cheapest writing services online is to do a search and use the 'search engine' key phrase. This is the most effective and least time consuming way to get all the web services for free, including online writing and copywriting services. No matter what your needs are, if you know what kind of writing you want, a good internet search will help you find what you need.Writing can be fun or very frustrating, depending on how good or bad you want it to be. So it's important to make sure that you choose your provider carefully so that you can avoid disappointment. There are many cheap services out there, but there are also many of them that do not provide the quality they claim they do.It is important to choose a site that provides you with an online newsletter or website so that you w ill receive updates on writing. Since you want to find the cheapest paper writing services, you should give yourself plenty of time to read through all the fine print explanations and then you should choose a provider that provides good customer service and reliable services.Another way to find the cheapest writing services is to go through the article directories or blogs. When you find a blog or an article directory, make sure you visit the site and read the article or blog. Many people have told me that when they visit a certain site that they can get some writing done in no time.Another way to find writing services is to check out search engines such as Google, Yahoo or MSN. They usually have a list of article directories or a few of them. By visiting those sites, you can also read the various reviews of the service and you can get an idea of whether you want to use the service or not.Obviously, the cheapest one is not always the best. It really depends on what you need. But rem ember, these kinds of services should be affordable, dependable and in your own language so that you can communicate with your clients easily.

Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem by Erich Fromm Free Essay Example, 2250 words

Is also known as the creation theory, Adam and Eve s act of the Original Sin became their step towards gaining freedom and independence after disobeying an order from no lesser a person than God. Consequently, this ushered in the importance of disobedience since it contributed to the advancement of human history. On the other hand, Prometheus stole from the gods in an act of disobedience and consequently laid the foundation for civilization according to Greek mythology. These Greek and Hebrew myths set the pace for humanity s evolution with the two instructively being acts of disobedience. Fromm further highlights other cases that indicate man s evolution based on disobedience and suggests that disobedience might destroy civilization in the future. In this case, disobedience has resulted in revolutions that have established institutions that govern people. Furthermore, since does not negate obedience as a vice in its entirety. He suggests the importance of ensuring that an individu al strikes a balance between obeying some principles and disobeying others in order to subscribe to a cause. This way, Fromm indicates that an individual does not become a rebel with a cause or a slave by obeying the powers that be that purport obedience as a way of achieving success and power. Based on Fromm s work, it is evident that human beings achievement in terms of civilization would appear implausible without disobedience. We will write a custom essay sample on Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem by Erich Fromm or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In line with this, all the strides that are evident today are due to the great men and women who have made history by disobeying and behaving outside the expected norms in order to achieve their objectives. For example, the freedoms that people experience today are a result of various people going against the grain to agitate for freedom and autonomy from the powers that be, which are for the maintenance of the status quo with courageous people advocating for obedience in order to control their rule. Conversely, disobedience should be practiced in a rational manner while following a cause should be through courageous means.

Dr. Avedis Donabedian Developed A Model For Categorizing...

Dr. Avedis Donabedian developed a model for categorizing and measuring the quality of healthcare providing a framework that conceptualized quality in broad terms and classification to measure and assess different aspects of quality in nursing care (Sollecito Johnson, 2013). In the footsteps of Donabedian’s framework, Dr. Beatrice Kalisch developed a model conceptualizing missed nursing care otherwise known as â€Å"unfinished nursing care† or â€Å"care left undone†. Missed nursing care as defined in the Missed Nursing Care Model is any aspect of required patient care that is omitted, either in part or whole, or delayed (Kalisch, Landstrom, Hinshaw, 2009). The structural aspects Kalisch’s model include labor resources, nursing staff, competency level of staff, education and experience, material resources, teamwork and communication. Kalisch model indicates that nurses with recent restricted resources in the nursing process determining clinical priorities is costly making decisions either to delay or omit certain care and is heavily influenced by team perception, nurse judgment, (Missed Nursing Care AHRQ, 2015). Nurse-Sensitive Indicators Studies have shown strong correlations between nurse sensitive indicators or nursing quality indicators and patient outcomes. Nursing sensitive indicators are performance measures that can measure outcomes of nursing care. Nursing indicators can include nursing hours per patient day, patient falls, pressure ulcer prevalence, restraint

Experts Delphi/Oracle Perspective

Question: Discuss about theExpertsfor Delphi/Oracle Perspective. Answer: Introduction Innovation is the utmost creativity technique used for foresight and creativity management. This is important business context which is also imperative for social growth. This is among the very important factors that look at the analysis of information when a creative foresight can be created (OLoughlin and Griffith 2013.). Discussion on Experts Foresight and Creativity Method The expert orientation and creativity method, this is a very important creativity forecasting models it analysis the information effectively to include the better analysis of information. There are several ways in which Delphi method is structured around communicative techniques. This technique is organically chosen as a systematic and interactive forecasting methodology. This is important to be analyzed how management can be helpful in understanding the forecasting method that is helpful in ensuring the systematic movement of innovation in various channels of information. This method starts with questionnaires in two or more rounds. There are ways in which facilitator or change agents provide experts forecasts and provide judgment for all types of information (Chen and Forbes 2014). There are several experts who are encouraged to revise their replies in light of the innovation and coverage management. There are also processes that involve the feedback management of predefined stop criterion that leads to attainment of consensus and steadiness of results. These median scores determine the results of the operation (Wald and Reis 2012). Example of Business and Social Context There are two major types of functions, task and maintenance functions. Task functions look at the role content and content of work. There are various ways in which maintenance functions look at the completion of tasks and team member satisfaction. It also looks at how important is business context in leadership roles. This is thus looking at the achievements of the group. Maintenance functions look at the roles that look at satisfaction of group members as a whole. It also looks at how the completion of tasks. These are both leadership roles and can be shared by every group member. Thus leadership can be everyones responsibility and prerogative. (Armstrong 2014) Key Insights on using Method Applied Maintenance functions look at the roles that look at satisfaction of group members as a whole. It also looks at how the completion of tasks. These are both leadership roles and can be shared by every group member. Thus leadership can be everyones responsibility and prerogative. In my case I was responsible for managing logistics within the team. I was a steward in my own way. I would effectively follow all tasks and complete them in time. These are important factors that help in deciding several factors in group building and solvency activities (Farrell 2013). Conclusion This is course has been a complete reflective and self-developing experience for me. I have reflected and learned how concepts like evidence, data, emotional intelligence and critical thinking. This has also led to a deep understanding of self-awareness and what has influenced my thoughts over the last semester. I have also understood the importance of writing and research methodology including extensive surveys. The purpose of this essay will also be to look at how to develop group skills and the necessity for to look at and evaluate how participation in the group and recognize what was learnt about self and about group process in general. There will be an evaluation of group participation and factors that lead to better understanding of group functions. The essay would explain with concrete examples and direct integration of course to ensure that the focus is primarily on your self-evaluation assessment and justification. Maintenance functions are role oriented that look at satisfaction of group members through coordination. It also looks at how the completion of tasks. These are both leadership roles and can be shared by every group member. Thus leadership can be everyones responsibility and prerogative. Thus an anticipated question from members can be addressed with better research and preparation. Thus inviting team members and thus an enthusiasm and reassured sense of feelings lead to concerns and feelings for team members instead. The purpose of this essay will also be to look at how to develop group skills. It will also serve the necessity to look at and evaluate how participation in the group and recognition for the learning about self. These activities also help understand group processes in general. There will be an evaluation of group participation and factors that lead to better understanding of group functions. References OLoughlin, V.D. and Griffith, L.M., 2013. Reflective writing highlights improved student metacognition in an upper level undergraduate anatomy course.The FASEB Journal,27(1 Supplement), pp.957-1. Armstrong, G.A. 2014. Bringing our whole person to whole person care: Fostering reflective capacity with interactive reflective writing in health professions education.International Journal of Whole Person Care,1(1). Wald, H.S., and Reis, S.P., 2012. Fostering and evaluating reflective capacity in medical education: developing the REFLECT rubric for assessing reflective writing.Academic Medicine,87(1), pp.41-50. Brown, K., and Young, T., 2014. Board# 108-Research Abstract Using Reflective Writing to Assess Impact of an Inter-Professional Cardio-Pulmonary Workshop for Medical, Nursing and Respiratory Therapy Students (Submission# 8645).Simulation in Healthcare,9(6), p.400. Farrell, T.S.C., 2013.Reflective writing for language teachers. Sheffield: Equinox. Chen, I. and Forbes, C., 2014. Reflective writing and its impact on empathy in medical education: systematic review.Journal of educational evaluation for health professions,11, p.20.

Brave New World Religion Essays (664 words) - Brave New World

Brave New World: Religion English Brave New World: Religion The Basis of Religion Thesis: Man's need for answers to questions that cannot be solved through known applications of science and technology has resulted in the widespread belief in religion. I. Purpose Elimination of stress Addiction to soma 1. Rioting addicts 2. Religious fanatics II Characteristics Rituals Sacrifices Offerings B. Gods Interpreters Pope Dali Lama Mustapha Mond D. Writings III. Function Explaining unknown Philosophy Supernatural Providing aid Sanctioning conduct Morals Traditions Delegating decisions The Basis of Religion In the novel "Brave New World" civilized society lives in a world of science and technology. Major changes have occurred during the future; Utopia now revolves a religion of drugs and sex. God and the cross have been replaced by Ford and the symbol T, the founder of the age of machines. Instead of Sunday church, members now attend solidarity services where morals and tradition are not learned, but rather faith is taught in the belief of hallucinations produced by a substance known as "soma." Soma has effectively replaced the belief in a higher being by its elimination of problems and stress resulting in a lack of imagination , creativity, or "soul." Yet religion can still be found in today's society because of man's continuing need for answers to questions that cannot be solved by science or technology. Religion can be regarded as the beliefs and patterns of behavior by which humans try to deal with problems and stress that cannot be solved through practical applications of science or technology. "Brave New World" deals with stress by its elimination of problems through the use of soma. As shown in the novel, the people have been addicted to soma as to the point of rioting when their supply is threatened. Their attitude can be related to religious fanatics who accomplish violent actions in the right of their religion. Present day society turns to lesser forms of expression through weekly attendance to their place of worship in hopes of a stress-free life. To overcome these limitations, society turns to the manipulation of supernatural beings and powers. Consisting of various rituals, prayers, songs, dances, offerings, and sacrifices, people try to manipulate supernatural beings to their advantage. Recipients of riches, power, and glory have often praised their Savior. These beings may be Gods and Goddesses or even ancestral spirits. In all societies there are certain individuals especially skilled at dealing with these beings and powers who assist other members of society in their ritual activities. A great amount of power can be delegated to these individuals such as the Pope or the Dali Lama. "Brave New World" has its own religious interpreter in the seven world controllers. Mustapha Mond controls the thoughts, emotions and happiness of the people under his control. By interpreting the collection of writings revealed by the higher being, high priests or priestesses can provide the answers to man's questions Religion has a number of advantages to society. Many citizens of the world often ponder many questions ranging from classroom philosophy to ghosts and goblins. Religion reduces anxiety by explaining the unknown and making it understandable, as well as provide comfort in the belief that supernatural aid is available in times of crises. Religion teaches morals and traditions, notions of right and wrong. By setting precedents for acceptable behavior, peace and harmony may be achieved. The burden of responsibility is lifted from the shoulders of mankind by transferring the weight of decision making from individuals to higher beings. In contrast to "Brave New World" present day society may seem crude and low to mighty science and technology, yet followers around the world continue practicing their faith. By believing in the Almighty during their time on earth, churchgoers hope to achieve everlasting glory and paradise in the afterlife. This can be seen in the direct relationship of the increase of religious activities in older age groups. Man refuses to believe that their time in history can be so insignificant as to be numbered in years. To escape the fear of death, man's dreams, hopes, and aspirations are held in faith and the belief of religion.

Holism vs. Mechanism in Defining Totalities

Holism vs. Mechanism in Defining Totalities Science, as ordinarily understood, is concerned with those phenomena revealed through the five senses, particularly tha eyes. From a host of observations on instruments of various sorts, the physicist infers the existence of electrons, atoms and so forth. But each of us has another sort of knowledge of one special part of the universe, of one special phenomenon of the universe, namely himself (Birch 229). Much debate has centered around the dichotomy of wholes and parts from as early as Democritus (5th century BCE) and Aristotle (4th century BCE). Democritean and Aristotelian philosophies have each had their favor during parts of history. Aristotle was the earliest systematic biologist and, following an encyclopedic treatment of his personal observations on around 500 different types of animals (Swanson 23), he found as the most striking character of biological phenomena its finalism. He later extended this concept into a teleological philosophy, and although he did eventually introduce the concept of a causal necessity, the main conclusion emerging from his analysis was that by far the most important cause in biological and physical phenomena is the final cause (Montalenti 20). His was the most widely accepted view in the West for many centuries due mainly to Aquinas. Dante, for instance, reproaches Democritus for having attributed the world to the mere work of chance (inf., IV, 131, 136). Although that was not altogether precise, for the medieval Aristotelian it came down to the same thing: how can one attempt to explain the harmony of the world without resorting to final causes? Democritus, in turn, presented the West with a much valued causal interpretation of nature. For Democritus, all things resulted from the movement and interactions between atoms, soul atoms being simply a somewhat more subtle version of the others (Reeves 58). The debate between Democritean and Aristotelian points of views in science and the philosophy of the sciences centers around the question of whether novelties occur or whether all phenomena can be explained as resulting purely from elementary interactions. Both views stand on weak foundations on their own. ‘Reductionism’, as it is often called, aims at explaining the universe 1) without consorting to a fundamental notion of functionally irreducible units, and 2) by outlining the behavior and interaction between what have been shown to be probabilistic – rather than deterministic – elementary particles. In response to that view, Polanyi states that the mechanistic explanation of the universe is a meaningless ideal. Not because of the much invoked Principle of Indeterminacy, which is irrelevant, but because the prediction of all atomic positions in the universe would not answer any question of interest to anybody (41-42). But ‘holism’ does not have it easy either. It can not cling to intuitive notions (i.e. vitalism) and must make amends with the fact that matter is what there is and what ultimately forms the complexities around us – as well as ourselves. The question is, do we have the right concept of matter? In 1926 J.C. Smuts called for a reform of the concept of matter, stating that the acceptance of the view for which the materialists fought so hard means in effect a complete transformation of the simple situation which they envisaged; since matter is capable of life and consciousness, [it] is no longer the old matter which was merely the vehicle of motion and energy (10). This view is akin to Birch’s account of a lecture in which Professor W.E. Agar said â€Å"a few thousand million years ago there was primeval chaos, and now, here we are, and I think few people can really sustain a belief that a universe which produced life and man requires no different kind of explanation than would be demanded by a universe which did not do so† (Birch 230). In 1843, J.S. Mill sought to develop a middle way through what came to be known as ‘emergence’: the idea that material complexity leads to the emergence of novel properties, and that properties belonging to a system’s components may become suppressed at these higher levels of integration. It remains a matter of debate whether emergent properties may have any causal power within a system. William Hasker believes so; he maintains that although mental properties emerge from the brain and are inseparable from it, conscious properties are not logical consequences of any combination of properties and of relations between the material constituents of the brain. He further maintains that a new individual entity emerges of a certain functional configuration of the material constituents of the brain and nervous system, endowed with libertarian freedom (230). Perhaps the fact that our knowledge of elemental particles weakened rather than reinforced the Democritean ideal, we find a number of quantum physicists taking seriously the notion of irreducible unity. Schrà ¶dinger postulates that the best possible knowledge of a whole does not necessarily include the best possible knowledge of all its parts, even though they may be entirely separate and therefore virtually capable of being best possibly known, i.e., of possessing, each of them, a representative of its own. The lack of knowledge is by no means due to the interaction being insufficiently known - at least not in the way that it could possibly be known more completely - it is due to the interaction itself (Schrà ¶dinger 555). David Bohm, in turn, argues that all action is in the form of definite and measurable units of energy, momentum and other properties called quanta which cannot be further divided†¦ [Thus,] when particles interact, it is as if they were all connected by i ndivisible links into a single whole† (90) It might be, as Laszlo views it, that contemporary science has tacitly abandoned the notion of isolated particulars as its units of investigation, and now concerns itself with ordered totalities (Laszlo 2). However, in a world made up of systems within systems, totalities are not easily defined. One very good definition of unities is given to us by Maturana and Varela under the term autopoiesis – self-production or self-creation. Autopoiesis seeks to convey autonomy as the central feature of the organization of â€Å"living autopoietic machines, which they define as a network of processes of production (transformation and destruction) of components that produces the components which†¦ regenerate and realize the network of processes (relations) that produced them; and†¦ constitute it†¦ as a concrete unity (Maturana and Varela 79).

Renaissance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Renaissance - Essay Example The Renaissance is generally accepted to have begun in the fourteenth century in the small and prosperous states of Italy namely, Florence, Sienna and Venice (1). Some historians have questioned both the starting date and the starting place of the Renaissance, crediting the period under the Carolingian rulers Charlemagne and Louis the Pious starting from 800 AD. Such a contention comes from the perspective that if a reawakening in culture and intellectual from the dark period of European history is the criterion for the renaissance, the renaissance started in 800 AD, under the Carolingian rulers. Such a claim is associated with the achievements of the Carolingian rulers. These rulers brought peace and security throughout most of Western Europe, which was in turmoil since the demise of the Roman Empire in the fifth century, when Alaric sacked Rome in 401 AD. There was deliberate effort on the part of these rulers to bring back some of the lost cultural and economic greatness lost with the Roman Empire. Charlemagne utilized the assistance of the intellectual Alcuin to set up a school system. Working with Benedict of Aniane, Louis the Pious made Benedictine monasticism a force of progress and civilization in Western Europe. The consequence of this combine of political and intellectual power was rise in culture and learning not experienced since the Roman Empire. However, the counter argument is that these changes were essentially within the clergy and lacked a wide range of social movements as evinced by the renaissance that started in Italy. (2). There is also some support for the view of Charles Homer Haskins in his book The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century that Europe starting from in the eleventh century. This period saw a vibrant, expanding, and tolerant society that offers comparison to the renaissance in the fourteenth century in Italy. (2). However this contention is not accepted

Discuss the economic and demographic arguments for and against new Essay

Discuss the economic and demographic arguments for and against new labour migration - Essay Example Population characteristics of UK and its economic implications UK is among the developed western continents. Majority of the people in UK are old aged as the lifespan is longer, but this reduces the population growth rate because the aged are not within the productive age brackets. Economically, these people are not strong enough to provide workforce needed in economic building (Borjas 2000; Kupiszewski, 2012). Additionally, due to their age, there is no possibility of young generation to replace them in the work environment (Lisiankova and Wright, 2005). This population structure poses a threat to both population structure and economic condition of the country. To address this condition, several procedures have been formulated. One of the measures includes encouraging labor immigration. Need for immigration Given the scenario of UK population challenges, analysts and economists would raise question to find out whether UK requires immigrants or there are other options that can be fol lowed. By understanding the need for immigrants, it will be easier to formulate appropriate policies to be used (Borjas 2000). Currently, UK migration is characterized by the two types, international and domestic migration. Labor immigration has great effects in the UK’s economy and population. ... This is to ensure the adverse effects of immigration are addressed now and in future (Borjas 2000; Great Britain, 2012). UK countries need to remain pro active in policy making in regard to immigration and future labor market situation. In economics, philosophers have concluded that through migration everybody benefits. The countries receiving employees benefit through reducing the labor shortage and produce low cost products. Countries, from which the people come from, reduce the rate of unemployment while the workers in the foreign land benefit. From the above theory, it can be noted that it is true, but these benefits are only in the short run; in long run, migration cost is huge. Countries getting foreign workers endanger their citizen job security. The native employees in firms may be fired to recruit cheap workers from foreign countries. This is so in nations with labor market which inflexible (Borjas 2000). It is therefore important to check on the flexibility of labor market before formulating policies that encourage immigration. Immigrants find themselves trading off their rights for wealth creation in other countries. The immigrants are exposed to high chances of being exploited in the foreign countries. Merits of Immigration Creation mobility of job - Immigration leads to establishment of new jobs because of economic growth and enhancement of job mobility. In 18th to 20th century, over one third of UK’s population growth, moved to other countries, but this was not sustained for long. In 21st century, largest increase in population is due to immigration. It is important for any country to control the movement of people across the borders. Migration has effects on both demographics and economic performance of a country. Demographics

Crisis Management Essay Example for Free

Crisis Management Essay Crisis management is easily becoming a concern and priority because of the needs of the modern world. More than ever, there is advancement in technology. Technology can be used to assist prepare for crisis and to make them more manageable. Man made crisis can arise from disasters created by human activity like bombs or war equipment. They require preparedness so as to minimize or eradicate effects on society. Crisis from natural disasters like tsunami, volcanoes also require preparedness since even when they can be predicted, their effects can be quite extensive and hard to wholly avoid. An earthquake of 8. 9 magnitude hit Indonesia, creating a tsunami that led to extensive costs in human life, buildings and finances. As a result, many countries accessed their crisis management systems so as to be prepared in future against such a disaster. Tsunami emergency management systems Due to the 2004 tsunami disaster, countries have amplified their systems for warning, planning and monitoring tsunami. TsunamiReady is such an initiative encouraging alliance between several sectors. StormReady cites these sectors are emergency management agencies in the local, state and federal levels as well as the National Weather Service and general public population. The first task of the alliance is to create tsunami awareness among the population. More awareness will lead to better response. Concentration is on those who are more vulnerable, for example, those along the coasts who would be in direct line of a tsunami. An example is the Australian Tsunami Warning System that deals with exclusively with tsunamis. Governments have launched initiatives to assist in this. In the UK, for example, the contingency planning outlines the management of a crisis from what constitutes a crisis, its declaration as a crisis, what follows after and the role of the various part in the management. In this case, a crisis is an occurrence within the UK threatening grave harm to the public wellbeing (Civil Contingencies Act 2004). It outlines the responsibility of the leaders and accountability. The programs responsible for tsunami crisis management are operated in coordination with Meteorology, Geosciences, and Emergency Management departments. It is through this effort that communities can be served effective tsunami warnings. Information and knowledge gathered by individual countries is also contributing towards international establishment of regional Tsunami Warning System, for example, Indian Ocean Tsunami warnings, West Pacific tsunami warnings among others. These tsunami warning services provide 24hour analysis and monitoring of tsunamis. Documented seismic and sea-level networks are continually extended to facilitate efficient tsunami warnings. They are also actively involved in improving community tsunami training and education programs countrywide. Governments have also set aside radio service that will be operational during tsunami crisis and the frequencies distributed to those at the coastline so that communication can be facilitated during threats of tsunami. National websites have been set for these areas for updates and warnings including tracking tsunami movements. In additional, toll free emergency telephone numbers for tsunami crisis have been set aside in many countries for the dispensation of information. In the America pacific area, tsunami threat is handled by the StormReady under Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Its one of the programs affiliated with TsunamiReady. It was created in Oklahoma USA in 1999. Its main goal is to assist communities increase safety and communication skills. These two skills are important before, during and after a crisis. StormReady (2010) assists those responsible for community wellbeing to reinforce local safety programs through more education and awareness and better planning. Interagency coordination According University of Defense ( 2003. p. 3) managing crisis effectively means a synchronized addressing of all spheres of a crisis. The University of Defense (2003. p. 3) states that these spheres could be the political, diplomatic, economic, humanitarian or social. Without coordination in planning, operations and communication it is easy for responsibilities to be unmet because it’s unclear whose obligation it is. Interagency coordination also assists maximize efforts and avoid redundancy. When each agency concentrates on one area, another takes a different route and more service and help is offered to those in need. Government role in a crisis Haddow et al (2008, p. 9) states that the government has a major role to play in helping its citizens prepare for crisis like the tsunami crisis. One of the best things the government can do is grant funding that will facilitate smooth running of emergency management services. Paramount in crisis management is education of its citizens, coordination of evacuation procedures and funding for recovery efforts. It is not easy to know the best way to respond to a threat when one does not know the nature of the threat. If a threat is from weather, the citizens need to know all the aspects that are involved and how to respond. Education should aim to educate those who are especially vulnerable. For tsunami, all those on the front shores, coastlines, or are involved in marine life should be well educated as to proper response incase of a crisis. According to Haddow et al (2008, p. 101) The local communities on their part should seek to educate its local population before a crisis hits. They should ensure continuous education and that the local population is well knowledgeable on the crisis that are most likely to affect them and they are able to respond in an effective way incase of a crisis. Practice should be used so that all members of a family, for example, know what to do incase of a crisis. The government should also ensure effective communication before, during and after a crisis. That way, it is able to give warning in time, communicate evacuation routes, assist with information during evacuation and offer necessary services in any aftermath. Some of the services that the government can offer during a crisis proposed by Haddow et al (2008, p. 105) are search and rescue missions, medical services and food provisions to survivors. The role of media in a crisis The media tends to provide information fast. Due to modern technology, the media is able to relay information widely too. During the 2004 tsunami crisis, the local media coverage drew attention to what was happening. Although the tsunami was not expected, media worldwide was able to communicate the disaster and rescue missions were launched. This was one instance where the media really played a crucial role in dispensing information. Sommers et al ( 2006, p. 1) states that media raises awareness and can be challenging to authorities as was seen in the hurricane Katrina disaster. It is argued that sometimes also becomes directly involved in the events as happened in New Orleans during the disaster. However, media can be discriminatory in its coverage. Even as media was creating tremendous awareness on the situation, its response was considered sluggish. In an ironical twist, racism was blamed for the slow response to the disaster by media even as the media blamed the government’s slow response on racism as Sommers pointed out (2006. p. 2). Sommers et al ( 2006, p. ) found that sometimes the media can also pick a spin on a crisis that might not be of most importance as long as it will give their news an edge. This has been cited as what happened during hurricane Katrina where there was undue focus was on crime happening. Sommers et al ( 2006, p. 7) also argues that media is also prone to exaggerations especially in the heat of the making of a story as was also evident in hurricane Katrina coverage. Public perception during a crisis Public perception in crisis is largely influenced by information that the public receives. This is because in most cases the public is far from firsthand information. If they receive erroneous information from the media or government, they will respond according to that. Sommers (2006, p. 8) found that in the case of hurricane Katrina crisis the emphasis on crime coverage may have greatly discouraged some individuals from rescue efforts and had potential to bias people outside that state. In the age of free media where overload of information seems like the norm, the role of responsible media coverage can not be over emphasized in the formation of healthy public perception. While crisis are hard to deal with, the media can find itself pressured to create scapegoats when the public wants to allocate blame. In the case of 2004 tsunami many reports especially on the Internet tried to blame the victims, global warming, western countries and even God. It can sometimes feel easier to blame victims for what happens to reduce feelings of vulnerability in the general population as Sommers et al noted (2006. p. 9) Post crisis recovery and continuity strategies Post recovery and continuity plan are integral parts of managing a crisis. The process of crisis management is not over until those affected are able to continue with their economic, social and productive life. According to research by Gartner (2001, p. 2) the economic aspect is especially imperative since it accelerates the recovery of businesses and thus peoples lives and their communities. Post crisis recovery strategies need to be in place before the disaster for best effect. It is necessary to set recovery objectives. Gartner cites one of the most important post recovery strategies as recovery of data and critical technology. Loss of information is one of the hindrances to quick recovery. For example, businesses find it important to have human resource information so that it can facilitate services to its employees, for example, as they claim benefits. Another strategy is government funding and dispensation of emergency funds. Finances play a big part in the recovery process especially in rebuilding. Finances also facilitate businesses to begin their functions and rebuilding of communities can begin. Gartner (2001, p. ) states that in addition governments require financial institutions to continue their services in areas hit by crisis as a means of encouraging growth and to avoid disruption of economic endeavors. This was helpful after hurricane Katrina for example. Through policing peace and security are enforced to avoid lawlessness. Other human needs are addressed through various agencies offering humanitarian assistance that caters for social requirements. Doctors and counselors are especially helpful in dealing with the physical and psychological effects of a crisis. Conclusion Crisis can come from human activities or through natural forces. It can be hard to anticipate them. Even when they are anticipated, it might not be easy to avoid their impact on communities. There is better preparedness today against crisis but at the same time, there are increasing threats to human wellbeing. While nature continues to threaten human wellbeing with better planning and execution of crisis management much of the effects can be reduced. Human threats like chemical warfare are best avoided and stringent measures put in place to reduce loss.

William Shakespeare Biography :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare was born to John Shakespeare and mother Mary Arden approximately in late April 1564 in Stratford -upon-Avon. His father was a prominent and prosperous alderman and later became a leather merchant. In William’s family there was at least 8 children, including him being the 3rd and eldest son. There is no solid proof as to which school Shakespeare attended, but there is an assumption it was at Stratford. The school was competitive and had a good reputation, which would explain Shakespeare’s proficiency in Greek and Latin. William did not go to college, which prompts some people to say that Shakespeare did not write his own work. (Hieatt.2) In November 1582 he married Anne Hathaway, who was 8 years older. Shortly after, their daughter Susan was born in May 26,1583. The couple later had twins, Hamnet and Judith, who were born on February 2, 1585. Hamnet, later died at the age of eleven and William then disappeared from the records for about seven years, until 1588 when he arrived in London to establish himself as an actor and playwrighter. A few years later he joined up with one of the most successful acting troupes in London: The Lord Chamberlain’s Men. He then went on to build his own theater across from the old one. Shakespeare entertained the king and the people for another 10 years until June 19,1613 when a cannon fired from the roof of the theater and burned it to the ground. He then invested in the rebuilding of the new theater. After this successful event he then retired from the stage in 1597, but continued to write until his death in 1616 on the day of his 52nd birthday. On average Shakespeare would write about 3 plays a year for his company along. He was A playwright, an actor, and part owner. Shakespeare was also a principle writer of a famous company of actors know as the King’s Men. In his time Shakespeare wrote 13 comedies, 13 historical plays, 6 tragedies, 4 tragicomedies, as well 154 sonnets. He is most noted for his achievements in highly original tragedies. Shakespeare was quite wealthy in his day, considering he left 300 pounds (120,000) to his daughter when he past away. (Fraser.22) Western Civilization still does embrace the works of William Shakespeare. Shakespeare is the only playwrighter from his ere whose plays are still being performed today. His influences are still seen today with adaptations of his plays such as: â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, â€Å"Hamet† and â€Å"Titus†.

Bullying Research Paper Essay

Abstract Every day across America, children are being sent to school with the mindset that they are safe as they head to an environment that is intended to support a positive atmosphere of learning and socialization. However, schools across America are plagued with the continuous and aggressive problem of bullying that is effecting our society as a whole. Our children’s physical and emotional well-being is at risk because of the act of bullying. Without proper education, identification, and prevention to promote awareness, bullying will continue to be a major issue. The following research paper is intended to focus on the effects of school bullying and what society can do to help prevent future bullying from occurring. I aspire to learn the different forms of bullying, while learning what I can do to identify the problem and what the possible solutions to preventing future occurrence are. Keywords: Bullying,Cyberbullying, School Bullying School Bullying Over the years, bullying has become more prominent in our society. In the past, many adults and educators perceive bullying as something that all children go through; just kids being kids. Children are all effected differently depending on the degree of the bullying, some even ending in tragic events. Being proactive in recognizing bullying can lead to a drastic decrease in bullying cases. Educated professionals are being trained in order to pick up on signs that an act of bullying is happening and how to address and resolve the situation. Thankfully, more and more states are issuing laws to protect the schools and the students against bullying. As a result, anti-bullying programs were created to provide a safe learning environment for students and have been effective all over the world. In order for us to better understand bullying, we must know what bullying is. The simple word â€Å"bully† can be referred back to as early as the 1500’s. In order to learn exactly what a bully is, you must first break down what a bully is in its simplest form. The act of bullying requires two people, the bully and the person being bullied. By definition, â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose (stopbullying.org).† The entire act is dependent upon a disparity of power, the aggressor exhibits that they have more power than the person being targeted. The act of bullying can be separated into three categories: verbal (name calling, teasing), social (ignoring or isolating), and physical bullying (hitting, kicking). Now with the recent boom in technology, a new form of bullying has now emerged- cyber bullying. In any event, all forms of bullying have a direct result on the victim. Bullying is a form of abuse that carries on over the course of time. â€Å"At first one may believe that the effects of bullying is limited to initial responses that tend to fade within a few days or a week, at most. However, research indicates that the harm inflicted by bullying, whether physical or psychological, has implications and can result in a snowball effect of lasting and painful emotions and negative impacts.† (Donegan, 2008). Although bullying consists of two core components, the bully and the person being bullied, the difference in the type of bullying differs greatly. The person who plays the part of the bully is acting in a conscious, willful, and deliberate activity where the primary purpose is to generate fear through the threat of additional aggressive acts. This further act of aggression and creation of terror creates the lasting impression of intimidation and an uncomfortable emotional sense that the bully uses to maintain power. Once a bully has created this superiority, the bully will continue to victimize their offender. These actions define the most common and obvious form of bullying, physical bullying. In this instance, the aggressor is most often portrayed punching, kicking, throwing objects, or  participating in some form of destructive behavior that is both observable and physical. The intimidated victim will most likely dismiss any injuries received to avoid any further incidents. At t his point, the bully has already established their control and will continue to exercise their power over the victim. In many instances, victims have been found to report a combination of physical and verbal bullying. The verbal threatening, taunting, and name calling has been found to be a commonality with physical bullying. â€Å"In a survey of big school students, a third of students who were bullied experienced symptoms that sound much like post-traumatic stress disorder: Feelings of panic, repeatedly thinking about past bullying episodes, and inability to concentrate at school. Unfortunately, these feelings of anxiety and distress tend to linger after graduation and into adulthood† (Sharp, 1995). â€Å"The adverse impact of school bullying is often exacerbated by the fact that many pupils do not tell of their experience and therefore do not receive appropriate help and support (Oliver & Candappa, 2003). With our society constantly evolving, so has the manner in which individuals are bullied. Since the emergence of the internet, social media, and the technological advancements of telecommunications, the ease and the way people communicate has created a breeding ground for young adults to bully one another. Cyber bullying has now transcended the traditional sense of bullying and evolved into a form that allows a person to hide their identity behind a computer. â€Å"This anonymity makes it easier for the offender to strike blows against a victim without having to see the victim’s physical response. The distancing effect that technological devices have on today’s youth often leads them to say and do crueler things compared to what is typical in a traditional face-to-face bullying situation† (Donegan, 2012). Cyber bullying has been defined as â€Å"an aggressive act or behavior that is carried out using electronic means by a group or an individual repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or herself† (Smith, e.t.,al 2008). Examples of cyber bullying include malicious text messages or emails, rumors posted on social networking sites, and  embarrassing photos, videos, or fake profiles. Although cyber bullying is often experienced indirectly, as opposed to a face to face confrontation with traditional bullying, the potential for reaching a larger audience is greater. A form of cyber bullying would be posting a status that is intended to be vague, however, is specifically directed towards someone using an insignificant clue that the victim would know is directed at them. Once a publication is made through a social media network, the potential for further sharing increases exponentially. At this point, the repetitiveness for the bullying to continue can c arry on by other people, causing a snowball effect. That single act creates a vicious circle that the victim may experience over and over. Regardless if it is traditional bullying or cyber bullying, a significant amount of research has documented the long lasting impact of bullying on a person’s mental health and academic performance. In many instances, an entire school’s student body is capable of being affected by bullying. A school is intended to design an atmosphere where children experience a positive and inviting environment, where growth and individuality is welcomed and encouraged. However, when a school’s climate is plagued by bullying, there is an inherent fear and intimidation within the school that causes the victim and others to disassociate and reject the notion of a positive atmosphere. The fear of being harassed or excluded by peers in school contributes to dropout rates and poor academic achievement, causing additional victimization. In order to implement a strategy to combat bullying, â€Å"schools must include school-level interventions designed to change the overall culture and climate of the school: class room interventions targeting teachers and other adults in the school; and student-level interventions that target individual or small groups of victims and bullies.† (Whitted, 2005). Strategies like this help to revert the power imbalance that a bully thrives on to gain power. Research on anti-bullying programs have shown that information provided for parents through newsletters and parent meetings proved to be successful. A school atmosphere with a positive line of communication between school administration and the student’s parents helps to raise the awareness of  bullying encouraging a drastic reduction in bullying incidents. Other common ways to help combat the effects of bullying included more social interactions for the victim. Educators and parents are urged to have the child participate in organized social activities to initiate new friendships and build confidence with other children for a feeling of belonging. If the child is interested in music, art, or sports, they are encouraged to develop and practice that talent to reinforce confidence and self-esteem. A controlled system with peer support helps victims deal with the interpersonal conflicts of bullying in a pro-active and non-violent way. By being positive, supportive, and embracin g the child and what he/she is going through at all times, he will come to respect and cherish himself as an individual and overcome any negative effects bullying may have caused. Conclusion When someone thinks back to their days of elementary school through high school, most of us think about â€Å"normal† school images- classes, homeroom, and friends. We can all recall some of the struggles; studying for the big test, getting homework completed, making new friends. To me, school was just school. It was something I had to do to become a successful adult. For those victims of school bullying, school is a living nightmare. The harassment, pain, and the series of struggles a bullied person experiences is too much for any normal person to comprehend, especially if they were not bullied personally. School becomes a burden and something that is avoided as much as possible. The victims become stressed with their overflowing insecurities. School work no longer is a priority, avoiding the harassment and humility becomes a primary concern. Prior to conducting this research project, my knowledge of bullying was very limited. Having not been bullied as a child, my image was simple. The biggest kid in the class would push the scrawny â€Å"weird† kid against his locker, and that was the end of it. Now, after reading the numerous studies done on this terrible â€Å"epidemic†, I have realized that this is a problem that causes more damage long term than what society thinks- and it effects everyone! My daughter will be entering elementary school in a few years, and as her father I feel that it is important to explain bullying and the  effects it has on individuals. No matter if it is verbal, emotional, physical or occurring on social media sites, I feel it is my job, as well as the school’s guidance team to educate and inform my daughter on this serious topic. If we can properly educate people, hopefully someday the negative domino effect of bullying can be reversed to be a positive outcome of the popu lar plan to â€Å"pay it forward†. For someone who was taught â€Å"The Golden Rule† as a young boy, it seems simple to me. Treat others the way you want to be treated, and if you don’t have anything nice to say to someone- don’t say it at all. This is something I plan to teach my daughter, and maybe if more people believe and teach this golden rule, bullying will be a thing of the past. References Donegan, R. (2012). Bullying and Cyberbullying: History, Statistics, Law, Prevention and Analysis. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), 33-42. McElearney, A., Adamson, G., Shevlin, M., & Bunting, B. (2013). Impact Evaluation of a School-based Counselling Intervention in Northern Ireland: Is it Effective for Pupils Who Have Been Bullied?. Child Care In Practice, 19(1), 4-22. doi:10.1080/13575279.2012.732557 Ockerman, M. S., Kramer, C., & Bruno, M. (2014). From the School Yard to Cyber Space: A Pilot Study of Bullying Behaviors Among Middle School Students. Research In Middle Level Education Online, 37(6), 1-18. Oliver, C., & Candappa, M. (2003). Summary report Tackling bullying: Listening to the views of children and young people. London: ChildLine and Thomas Coram Research Unit. Sharp, S. (1995). How much does bullying hurt? The effects of bullying on the personal wellbeing and educational progress of secondary aged students. Educational and Child Psychology, 12, 81–88. Smith, P.K., J. Mahdavi, M. Carvalho, S. Fisher, N. Russell, and N. Tippett (2008), â€Å"Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils†, Journal of Chil Psycology & Psychiartry, 49. pp 376-385 What is Bullying | StopBullying.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/index.html Whitted, K., & Dupper, D. (2005). Best practices for preventing or reducing bullying in schools. Children & Schools, 27(3), 167-175.

The McDonaldization of Education Essay - 1068 Words

Education remains a cornerstone for society as it has for decades. Technology advances, the economy fluctuates, and politics change, but education remains, not only important but imperative for personal and social growth. Yet, as important as it is touted to be, the quality and purpose of learning is often lost in the assembly-line, manufactured process of education that exists today. In a highly structured and economics-driven world, the educational system may be viewed as a machine designed to churn out future workers and employees. Like the fast-food industry, education has been standardized in an attempt to provide the comforts of efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control. In our aptly named†¦show more content†¦The material taught is simply that which the teacher views as relevant. There is no factual basis to determine whether what is being taught is important. Instead, educators should aim to provide a wealth of information to students and foster an environment in which creativity and curiosity are encouraged. In reality, however, students are force-fed information that may hold little interest or relevance to them and are barred from formulating their personal opinions about the world around them, a world of which they are a part, and a world of which they are expected to become members once formal education has ceased. Seeking to transform people into capital rather than free-thinking individuals, standardization in education deadens any natural desire for learning and creates resentment toward the education system. Research into the future of today’s youth suggest that â€Å"young people in the West are negative and fearful about their futures, disenchanted and disempowered by their education, and have a sense that there is a spiritual vacuum in their society† (Gidley 34). The rigidity of the education system that has very little to offer intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually causes many people to give up altogether on a system . The largest danger of standardized education, therefore, lies in its dehumanizing approach. By eliminating the human element from learning, the system serves to alienate individuals who do not subscribeShow MoreRelatedMcdonaldization of Education1082 Words   |  5 PagesDespite the changing times, education remains a cornerstone for society . Technology advances, the economy fluctuates, and politics change, but education remains something seen as, not only important but imperative for personal and social growth. Yet, as important as it is touted to be, the quality and purpose of learning is often lost in the assembly-line, manufactured process of education that exists today. In a highly structured and economics-driven world, the educational system may beRead MoreThe McDonaldization of Higher Education Essay526 Words   |  3 Pagesfood arena. The term â€Å"McDonaldization† refers to the widespread influence McDonald’s business model has had on various aspects of life and society; the health system, shopping centers, media, and †¦the education system. It seems a bit far-fetched. When I first read about it, I was pretty surprised. How does McDonald’s, home of the Big Mac and super sized fries, affect how I am educated? But through reading Ritzer’s The McDonaldization of Society, I realized how McDonaldization and its ideals of efficiencyRead MoreThe Mcdonaldization of Society1549 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION In the book of â€Å"The Mcdonaldization of Society† by a sociologist George Ritzer, the term Mcdonaldization is used. Mcdonaldization occurs when a business such as Ikea, Taco Bell, Wendy’s, Wal-mart, Bed bath and beyond, etc. possesses the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant, like McDonalds. Max Weber used the word â€Å"bureaucracy† to represent the direction of Mcdonaldization changing the society; with today’s present society, the concept of Mcdonaldization is gaining in consideration ofRead MoreThe Mcdonaldization Of Society By George Ritzer999 Words   |  4 PagesMcDonaldization, as defined in, George Ritzer’s book ‘The McDonaldization of Society,’ is when a society begins to exhibit the values and practices of the fast-food restaurant. The four main values are: efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control. McDonaldization could benefit an aspiring entrepreneur developing a business model, one which is sustain able in a capitalist economic system. There are many ways in which a business can benefit when a culture values the McDonaldization processRead MoreThe Mcdonaldization of Society Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Sociology The McDonaldization of Society George Ritzer, in his book The McDonaldization of Society, has given a good understanding of the kind of world we live in. He describes the concept of McDonaldization, which is the process in which the principles that form the basis of McDonalds are greatly influencing the rest of society. McDonalds runs its business on the following key elements: efficiency, calculability, predictability and control by non-human technologiesRead MoreThe Principles Of The Fast Food Restaurant1324 Words   |  6 Pages According to Ritzer, McDonaldization is the â€Å"process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world.† In this essay I am going to be exploring the 5 dimensions of Ritzer’s McDonaldization thesis and exploring its usages in Higher Education. Ritzer defines the 5 dimensions of his McDonaldization thesis as; efficiency, predictability, calculability, control and irrationality. These dimensions areRead MoreEssay on McDonaldization of Society966 Words   |  4 PagesThe McDonaldization Thesis presupposes some familiarity with sociologist George Ritzers earlier work, The McDonaldization of Society (1993), in which he defines McDonaldization as the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world. These principles include efficiency, predictability, calculability (or an emphasis on quantification), and control (especially via non-human technologies)Read More McDonaldization Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesthe McDonaldization of society disturbing, expected or inevitable, for employees in the twentifirst century. Also the possible consequences for theories of human motivation and whether the concept applies equally to a ll jobs. In this paper I will be analysing the effects McDonaldization has on society and the employees of the twentifirst century. I will be discussing whether McDonaldization is to be expected, accepted, rejected or is inevitable. I will also be arguing that McDonaldization doesRead MoreThe Mcdonaldization Of Society By George Ritzer846 Words   |  4 PagesSociologist George Ritzer introduced the theory of McDonaldization. He wrote a book about this theory in 1993, titled the Mcdonaldization of Society. In this book, he describes the phenomenon happening and our society. Ritzer explains how society becomes manifested when a culture adopts the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant, such as robotlike assembly. The process of McDonaldization takes a task and breaks it down into smaller tasks. This is repeated until all tasks have been broken downRead MoreThe Importance Of Globalization850 Words   |  4 Pageshighlighting and addressing global issues. Globalization is often defined as the expansion of interactions of people through the flow of ideas, culture, and wealth. Globalization influences global, regional, and national policy as well as democracy, education, and human rights. The world as a whole has developed drastically with innovations and technologies but has also limited and kept societies from advancing. This article will emphasize important aspects of globalization and how these concepts relate