Chad vale ICT Workforce Professional Development Plan

Introduction Professional development is very important in workforce. It enables co-workers to gain crucial skills paramount for success in their places of work (Balducchi et al, 2004). On top of this, professional development plans helps co-workers to grow professionally and execute the activities within their area of duty effectively. In addition, professional development motivates and changes the attitudes of co-workers (Mathews, et al, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Chad vale ICT Workforce Professional Development Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because workers are competent to perform their roles without difficulties. This ensures that companies achieve a faster growth within a short period. This report is a one-year professional development plan in the automobile industry. The plan targets co-workers to increase awareness of local employers and partnership. Awareness Strategies fo r Co-workers The challenges that come with unprecedented technological advancement in the working environment require competent co-workers. Rapid changes call for knowledgeable and skilled labor force (Beers, 2007). Employees should have a strong partnership with their local employers. On top of this, the workers should be flexible, adoptive, and focused on the goals of the enterprise or company in which they work. Employers should be in the forefront to ensure that their employees get the necessary training and encouragement for their development (Bissell and Dolan, 2012). Some of strategies to achieve partnership between employees and local employers are in the outline below. Employee Development and Training This is an initiative of employers for employees to access skills, interests, and enables workers to develop prowess in order to achieve employers’ set goal (Bissell and Dolan, 2012). Most of development plans should entail management development, supervisory skills, t echnical training, career development, basic, and professional skills as well as equipping them with computer literacy. This will improve their competitiveness and update them to the very competitive ICT world. The table below shows the professional development plan for the Chad vale ICT which, is an international company in UK Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Retrieved from http://chadvaleictmark.blogspot.com/2010/02/updated-action-plan-030210-impact-on.html  23 July 2012 This plan will enable the local employers to equip and upgrade the skills of employees to work to their full potential. On top of this, employees will be in a position to deal with changing demands of the job. Moreover, workers will have high morale, motivation, creativity, and career satisfaction (Farrell, and Fenwick, 2007). Further, training of co-workers will increase productivity and responsive ness in fulfilling objectives of companies. Orientation This entails preparing co-workers for their jobs after recruitment team selects them. The co-workers are able to get basic information of their employers (Hughes Cain, 2011). This is very important because it creates an important link between employees and their employers. The bond between the two parties forms a strong partnership, which is beneficial for the growth of industries or enterprises. Orientation has a big potential to satisfy and improve their work output per annum. This is because the co-workers feel that they are in included in the organizations. After orientation, employers should assign seasoned employees to co-workers for mentoring purposes. This should encompass both the on and off-job mentoring programs (Stiglitz Walsh, 2006). The overall effect of the mentoring program is to build a strong relationship among co-workers and employers. Workplace Education This is a strategy to equip co-workers with essenti al skills, which are crucial in workplace. It is cognizant due to the fact that 21st century requires a skilled workforce, which is efficient, reliable, effective, and adaptable (Farrell, and Fenwick, 2007). The education program should encompass educating co-workers on their basic rights in the work environment. On top of this, the education program should focus on the co-worker benefits such as health insurance for employees, retention programs, performance appraisals, and promotion benefits. Moreover, education programs should encourage co-workers to embrace diversity in order to interact smoothly with their fellow workmates and employers. This will create a strong partnership between co-workers and their local employers (Toyota Motor Manufacturing, Incorporated, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Chad vale ICT Workforce Professional Development Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Balduc chi, D., et al (2004). Labor Exchange Policy in the United States. Michigan: W.E. Upjohn Institute. Beers, S. (2007). Strategies for Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Professional Development. New York: ASCD. Bissell G. and Dolan, P. (2012). Organisational Behaviour for Social Work. Bristol: The Policy Press. Farrell, L. and Fenwick, T. (2007). World Yearbook of Education 2007: Educating the Global Workforce : Knowledge, Knowledge Work and Knowledge Workers. New York: Taylor Francis. Hughes, J. R. T., Cain, L. P. (2011). American economic history. Boston: Addison-Wesley. Mathews, S., et al (2010). Professional Development in Social Work: Complex Issues in Practice. New York: Taylor Francis. Stiglitz, J. E., Walsh, C. E. (2006). Economics. New York: John Wiley Sons.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Toyota Motor Manufacturing, Incorporated (2012). Retrieved from https://www.toyota.com/usa/ This coursework on Chad vale ICT Workforce Professional Development Plan was written and submitted by user Kat1eP0wer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Kantian Ethics Essay Sample

Kantian Ethics Essay Sample Kantian Ethics Essay Kantian ethics functions as the most feasible especially in the definition of individual duty in ethical situations. Kant’s ideas are considered vague and rigid, but they function efficiently and with ease in most situations. Exceptions exist but their strengths are diminished when individuals focus on actual situations, their expectations and how people handle them. Despite these exceptions, the description given by Kant of the conversion of maxims into universal laws are used as a guide to systems regarding morality and ethics. The most beautiful thing about Kantian ethics is the fact that it bases its arguments on an individual. A person can, therefore, decide whether their actions are worth being done to others by determining if they would be pleased if the action was done to them. Unlike the utilitarian point of view, Kantian ethics focuses on an individual and not on the needs of the group. These point of view not only applies to people but also animals as they are considered as human beings. Kant’s theory is hardly acknowledged by some societal groups or collective groups and thus can only be applied in a situation where peace, tolerance, and understanding have prevailed for long periods of time. Kant believes that one does not require to know the expected results for an action to judge it on moral grounds. This is because moral rules can be known on the basis. All human beings face the challenge of having to accept the inevitability of being confronted with situations that test their character and morality unwillingly. Kantian ethics, therefore, is based on the concept of universalization where Kant describes a maxim and tests if it is morally acceptable for one person to act in that manner. Also, it can be checked by seeing if it would be morally permissible for all individuals to act similarly. Kantian ethics concludes that an action can only be morally permissible in one instance if it is universally acceptable in all the other cases. Most individuals follow their intuition when they face a moral conflict as they become introspective, hoping that their intuition guides them to make a morally right decision. However, nobody is sure if they have acted ethically in such situations and thus Kant believes that the primary thing that can guide us to making morally correct decisions is the goodwill. The good will is good in itself and thus is not considered good from what it impacts or accomplishes. Kantian ethics asserts that a good will acts by the maxim of engaging in the right things as it’s the only right thing to be done. An action’s moral worth can only be examined by determining whether or not the action was conducted concerning the moral laws. Kantian ethics argues that a moral action does not base on inclination, feelings or possibilities of positive outcomes or rewards. It bases on sense, for instance, this is what I or we ought to do. Offering an old person a seat in a vehicle, for example, can only be morally correct if you do it out of a sense of duty and not to impress anyone. The motive is, therefore, a vital fact in Kantian ethics, and it is even possible for an action to yield negative results despite being a moral act. The article focus on the concept of moral responsibility and duty as the primary characteristic of the moral consciousness that serves as the foundation for the deontological initiative. Most people wonder if morality is something that can be discovered. Maybe if all of us accept integrity with our own experiences, then our view and ideologies would be similar. Therefore, Kant’s arguments on morality and decision making must be a priority. Kantian ethics creates a modern approach to the way individuals hold their ethical standards in the contemporary world. Kant’s view assumes that the concept of morality majorly basses on absolute directives which might not apply to the modern world which is not so clear. From this essay, it is evident that there exist flaws that an individual should still look into the consequences, especially when thinking ethically and morally.

Critical evaluation of Fuchs, Fuchs & Karns (2001) article Essay

Critical evaluation of Fuchs, Fuchs & Karns (2001) article - Essay Example (Pagani et. al. 2006) Considering all these, there is growing importance placed on understanding those stages of life. This report aims at critically analyzing one of such researches done on children’s mathematical development. In this process, views of external critics are taken into account and the choice of the method applied is critically analyzed along with its results and outcomes. The other aspect that is discussed in this report is the benefits that are obtained in implementing this method and the probable ethical issues that might arise if this is to be implemented in practical scenarios. Research problem The background for this research is based on the results obtained from the analysis done by Griffin and Case in 1997. (Griffin & Case, 1997) According to them, children, when they attain the age of six, should have developed a ‘mental number line representation’ by combining the two basic concepts of mathematics – counting and comparison. (Fuchs e t. al. 2001) Once they achieve such a line, the required ground work gets established and with that as base, they can build on it to solve further problems in mathematics and understand the concepts better. But, many of the children who come from poor financial backgrounds and from utter poverty fail to achieve this line of understanding and hence wound up facing long term mathematical failures. The research under discussion aims to improve the students from high poverty background to achieve this mental line representation before they move on to higher studies. The research is actually an extrapolation of the research works done by the authors, Griffin and Case in the year, 1997. (Griffin & Case, 1997) Based on the three research exercises that they had done on a select number of students grouped under experimental and control group categories, they received high percentage of success, with many of the guided students who underwent this study were able to cope up with the middle le vel students, thus allowing them to compete equally and subsequently improve their mathematical knowledge. (Fuchs et. al. 2002) Research methodology Peer Assisted Learning Strategies of (PALS) is the method followed here to achieve the goal of this research. It is a method where the teachers deploy a program that allows them to identify and assist students who lack in specific set of areas. (Ashwin, 2003) Did their hypothesis/research problem correspond to the adopted collection and analysis of the research design? The aim of their research is to improve the understanding level of the students in mathematics. The purpose of the research problem is to extrapolate the previous results in three ways. 1. To expand the research area. That is, to involve more numbers of students, whose levels of understanding varies drastically. This is to present the teachers with details about how to proceed with the treatment in diversified classrooms. This dimension of the problem was addressed during the design phase of the research by identifying and including students with different performance levels and from both disabled and nondisabled sections. 2. To evaluate the capacity of the teachers. The need for this result was to identify the response from students, to explore the fidelity of their teaching method and to generate an informative feedback about the treatment. This dimension of the problem was addressed by choosing teachers who were from different demographical

Context and Truth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Context and Truth - Essay Example It's also the interconnected circumstances in which something exists or happens. It has a major role to play in the sense that it can be as powerful as completely changing the meaning of the said or written to something totally opposite of what the original had been. Context can be categorized into several demographic classes; be it social or political. The thought is that context influences the means we comprehend the term. The truth in its actual meanings is the level of meaningfulness, fact relation, confirmation and level of sincerity. Wherever the 'truth' comes in, the result is either one will staunchly agree to it and will consider it a sin to question or challenge its credibility. But with the evident of the truth, there is also uproar by those who are doubtful about its existence. Either they completely reject the truth or they begin look for answers which makes them believe in that truth. A lot people argue on the truthfulness of something. What actually they are doing is that they are trying to match their desired answers with the ones they already have. This is merely in pursuit of getting ones' self correct in front of others. After all its human nature that one finds it difficult to accept failure. So to maintain one's self respect, to continue to feed one's ego and to fulfill the urge of being superior to others makes one argue on the truthfulness of something. Thus in this case the truth turns out to be something overloaded with certain facts that might have been related to the topic by someone in such a technical way that it looks as the truth in front of the claims placed by others (Taylor, 1998). This is a good way engineering any sort of communication to benefit ones' self and create a wining situation against the competing claims of anyone else. But during this competing what happens is that either the truth becomes distorted or it completely loses its originality. You can understand it by this that consider the truth to an elephant and you ask seven blind men, to touch and feel the elephant and then describe what an elephant looks like. The result will be that each of the seven blind men will think that only he knows what an elephant looks like and thus, only he knows what the truth is. To justify the existence of truth, another approach may be of finding out the best possible answer(s)! Many people will agree on this point. The fact, that though a lot of people know that what is the truth and are having its full availability and awareness. But still these people are in a constant search of truth, is based on the concept of finding what is best. People are in constant search of truth because knowing the truth about life, this world or this universe can give them satisfaction. It can help them in understanding themselves better. Its can help people become productive. It can help us to solve problems that we face in every phase of our life. Extending on the saying "survival of the fittest", the rule is very much applicable to the "Truth" as well. The truth therefore may be also based on an entity's nature, a certain phenomena or even someone else's experiences. This yields truth to be subjective to different aspects. However, this is not the actual case. The truth of any n' every thing is its correctness which can neither be judged by mere proofs nor can be measured on some scale. It is not the truth that

Investigate the provision for Special Educational Needs (SEN) in a Essay

Investigate the provision for Special Educational Needs (SEN) in a primary school. Consider how this provision promotes educational equality of opportunity - Essay Example The code also promotes an effective approach in meeting children’s needs and puts the rights of children at the heart of the process hence allowing them to take part in decisions concerning their education (Cumming 2012, p. 52). The code of practice also sets out effective school based support with little paperwork for teachers and mainly emphasizes on monitoring the progress of children with special needs to reach the identified goals. Special education needs provision has been categorized into four broad areas of need that include communication and interaction, social, mental and emotional health and sensory (Hallet F & Hallet G 2010, p. 78). Communication and interaction is impaired when a child has difficulty in talking and expressing ideas and also got difficult to understand what is been said to them and still this makes them to have difficulties in social interaction with others. Cognition and learning is impaired when anindividual learns at a slower pace than the peers do (Atchinson & Dirette 2007, p. 52). Social, emotional, and mental health difficulties are manifested when a person becomes withdrawn or isolated and displaying disruptive and disturbing behavior. In order to promote special education, a committee was set up in 1993 which its main aim was to make recommendations for identification of children with special needs and for future advancement of special education services, special schools and classes according to the child’s need (Butler 1994, p. 145). Guidelines were put in place which even to date promote the provision of special education. These include, all children with special needs have right to proper education, and in provision of education to a special child, the needs of a specific child should be the paramount consideration. Active participation of parents with children who require special education and their wishes should be taken into consideration also, provision of adequate resources by the state is important to

Fitness Industry and Social Media Dangers

Fitness Industry and Social Media Dangers Could The Fitness Industry Be More Harmful Then Helpful? Introduction Health can be defined as â€Å"the state of being free from illness and injury†. However looking further into the word â€Å"health† gives you synonyms such as â€Å"well-being; fitness; good condition; good shape†. These words generate concepts regarding the relationship of the fitness industry to the sense of well being and good health. Since the First World War the focus on physical fitness has been a primary focus of the Health status and conversation around health issues in Canada and the United States. In Canada Health Canada and The Canadian Food Inspection Agency, and The Food and Drug Administration in the United States, are responsible for the nutritional labels on the food we consume. These labels along with the appropriate food guidelines of nutritional intake are supposed to be the gold standard for an individual to maintain a level of healthy eating one aspect of a healthy lifestyle. With a healthy diet, exercise, and adequate sleep, should in theory, enable a very healthy and long life. But what if the foods, the substances being consumed, aren’t exactly what they said they were? Or what if something marketed with one health goal, losing weight, actually destroyed and damaged your kidneys in the process? In the Health Consumables Market the issue is whether Canada and the United States’ fitness industry’s have become counterproductive to the maintenance of health. One major issue are the regulations and guidelines for nutritional information on products that are directly correlated with the fitness industry, such as protein, Branch-Chain-Amino-Acids, creatine and fat loss products are too relaxed and often go untested[1]. An even greater detriment to the fitness industry is that the people who promote these various fitness supplements on their social media platforms create unrealistic body images and thus further health issues. Body issues and eating disorders further fuel the unregulated supplement industry creating a cyclical beast that may promote health in some but in turn does the opposite in others. What is needed to tame this beast are tighter regulations and standards for supplement products and a system to control the promotion of these â€Å"Instagram stars† and their products. Could the fitness industry ever become an industry worth believing in? CURRENT SUPPLEMENT REGULATIONS Currently supplements and health products are governed by Health Canada. The Food and Drug Regulations operate on a â€Å"test if needed† basis rather than on a mandatory food-testing basis. The Food and Drug Regulations have a voluntary submission requirement. The company submits their nutritional label and product information to Health Canada and they ensure it follows the nutritional guidelines of what is allowed in products[2]. If a product makes a claim of either nutrition content or disease risk reduction then the product itself will be submitted for testing to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)[3]. Once submitted to the CFIA they will determine whether the claim of a nutrient value is present in the product so that the label is reporting the correct health contents. Disease reduction is also monitored and measured by CFIA to see if the product claims are accurate i.e. â€Å"Cheerios reduces heart disease†[4]. When determining the safety and the health claims of each product there are a number of critical issues: Industry is responsible for ensuring that nutrition labelling and claims are compliant with the  Food and Drug Regulations  and that label values accurately reflect the nutrient content of the product.A suitable compliance test for the accuracy of declared nutrient values must take into consideration the inherent variability of nutrients in foods and the variability of the laboratory method using appropriate statistical analysis.The  CFIA  compliance action will take into consideration not only laboratory results, but also the health risk to the public, economic loss to consumers, past compliance history of the product and the companys quality control over the manufacturing and labelling processes.[5] Interestingly CFIA and health Canada exempt some foods from this rigorous process and the requirement of having to submit their product for health claims review. Exceptions include meal replacements, nutritional supplements, mineral nutrients and/or amino acids. The United States reviews are conducted by a sub-section of the Food and Drug Administration entitled Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN). CFSAN operates very similarly to the Canadian equivalent, CFIA, in that the majority of testing is done on a random not mandatory basis.   The manufacturers are asked to submit the product test results as outlined in the â€Å"Manufacturers Responsibility† criteria: â€Å"FDAs continuing policy since the 1970s assigns the manufacturer the responsibility for assuring the validity of a product labels stated nutrient values. Accordingly, the source of the data used to calculate nutrition label values is the prerogative of the manufacturer, but FDAs policy recommends that the nutrient values for labeling be based on product composition, as determined by laboratory analysis of each nutrient. FDA continues to recommend the use of the Official Methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists International (AOAC), with non-AOAC Official Methods used only in the absence of appropriate AOAC validated methods. For each product that is included in a nutrition-labeling database submitted to FDA, the agency requests that the developer include a table identifying proposed analytical methods that were used in the analysis of each nutrient, with accompanying information containing validation of the method used by the onsite or commercial laboratory for the matrix of interest.†[6] However the FDA’s regulations allow for a choice by each manufacturer to use the non-AOAC Official Methods that gives them the ability to â€Å"prepare† their numbers. The manufacturer must also comply with Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations, which breaks down consumables into different classes of nutrients according to the FDA[7]. There are three different classes of nutrients: Class I: are those added in fortified or fabricated foods, these nutrients are vitamins, minerals, protein, dietary fibre, or potassium[8]. Class I nutrients  must be present at 100% or more of the value declared on the label; in other words, the nutrient content identified by the laboratory analysis must be at least equal to the label value[9]. Class II: are vitamins, minerals, protein, total carbohydrate, dietary fibre, other carbohydrate, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat, or potassium that occur naturally in a food product[10]Class II nutrientsmust be present at 80% or more of the value declared on the label[11]. Class III: nutrients include calories, sugars, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium[12]. However, for products such as fruit drinks; juices; and confectioneries; that have sugar content of 90 percent or more of total carbohydrate. To prevent labeling anomalies due in part to rounding, FDA treats total carbohydrate as a Class III nutrient instead of a Class II nutrient[13]. For foods with label declarations of Class III nutrients, the ratio between the amount obtained by laboratory analysis and the amount declared on the product label in the Nutrition Facts panel  must be 120% or less. The label is considered to be out of compliance if the nutrient content of a composite of the product is greater than 20% above the value declared on the label[14]. For example, if a laboratory analysis found 8 g of total fat/serving in a product that stated that it contained 6 g of total fat/serving, the ratio between the laboratory value and the label value would be (8 / 6) x 100 = 133%, and the product label would be considered to be out of compliance. Like the CFIA the FDA have dietary supplements under a different category legislated under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act 1994(DSHEA)[15]. These supplements are required to follow these rules outlined below: â€Å"Federal law requires that every dietary supplement be labeled as such, either with the term dietary supplement or with a term that substitutes a description of the products dietary ingredient(s) for the word dietary (e.g., herbal supplement or calcium supplement). Federal law does not require dietary supplements to be proven safe to FDAs satisfaction before they are marketed. For most claims made in the labeling of dietary supplements, the law does not require the manufacturer or seller to prove to FDAs satisfaction that the claim is accurate or truthful before it appears on the product. In general, FDAs role with a dietary supplement product begins after the product enters the marketplace. That is usually the agencys first opportunity to take action against a product that presents a significant or unreasonable risk of illness or injury, or that is otherwise adulterated or misbranded. Dietary supplement firms must report to FDA any serious adverse events that are reported to them by consumers or health care professionals. Dietary supplement manufacturers do not have to get the agencys approval before producing or selling these products. It is not legal to market a dietary supplement product as a treatment or cure for a specific disease, or to alleviate the symptoms of a disease. There are limitations to FDA oversight of claims in dietary supplement labeling. For example, FDA reviews substantiation for claims as resources permit†[16]. The regulations from the DSHEA actually allow companies to manipulate and alter their product and nutritional labels to secure granting and limit investigation by the FDA or CFSAN. It also creates a system where CFSAN and the FDA are required to go out of their way to find new-to- market products in order to start an investigation process if needed. The FDA states it is committed to working with all interested parties in order to achieve reliable nutrition labeling as economically as possible[17]. The agency acknowledges that following all of the recommendations/guidelines in their manual could pose economic hardships. Therefore, in certain instances, FDA may accept a proposal to â€Å"develop a database† over several years to help defer costs[18]. By deferring the testing even longer this can only add to the problem at hand. Although limited in the previously mentioned areas of inspection, the Canadian and United States systems have a number of successful and positive parameters. Health Canada and the Food and Drug Administration both have independent testing bodies. The CFIA and CFSAN both have good, unbiased structures for testing and the type of tests they use are considered industry gold standards. They also have correctly identified the differences in regular â€Å"grocery store† food and what would be considered food from the â€Å"supplement† or â€Å"fitness† industry. The Fitness Industry The fitness industry is an ever-changing entity that has continued to evolve over the past several decades. Following the First World War, especially in Canada, physical fitness started to become an area of focus of government. In the 1950’s in North America the fitness focus was on rhythmic exercises, jumping jacks, calisthenics and the â€Å"Five Basic Exercises† (stretching, sit-ups, back extensions, push-ups, running in place) the first type of circuit training[19]. The hula-hoop was the main trend in fitness selling over 100 million units in the United States. The 1960’s brought us massage belts and diet trends. The massage belts were supposed to massage away fat in unwanted areas, and eating â€Å"healthier† meant drinking diet soda and artificial sugar[20]. The 70’s brought into the fitness industry jazzercise and bodybuilding. Both of these trends would last longer than the decade due to the enigmatic figure behind it, Arnold Schwarzenegger one of the most decorated bodybuilders of all-time[21]. The addition to the 80’s fitness culture was Jane Fonda and her aerobics videos[22]. The 1990’s fitness trends included: Taebo; boot camps; and extremely popular -celebrity workout videos [23]. The boot camp and fitness video trends have definitely stood the test of time as they still are still widely used by fitness participants worldwide. The 21st century heralded in a new attitude of â€Å"Staying fit† including: Pilates, kickboxing and weightlifting exercises for women[24]. The focus switched to heart rate to determine the effectiveness of a workout [25]. The trends of the fitness industry today focus on: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT); the use of social media; and the â€Å"super-hero body†. HIIT programs consist of workouts under the brand of Cross Fit, which is quickly becoming one of the fastest growing fitness trends. It emphasizes strength components interspersed with sprints and long bouts of cardiovascular fitness. Along with intense training like HIIT the industry has started to incorporate and profit from the use of social media. There are YouTube fitness bloggers and now most recently â€Å"Instagram Stars†. Both use social media and have become one of the primary sources of income for todays fitness personality. Blockbuster movies have created the â€Å"ideal† body image modelled after the â€Å" incredibly- in-shape† superheroes such as Superman, Thor, Wonder Woman and Captain America. The presence of social media in the fitness industry although a new phenomena in the last decade, has really exploded in the last 5 years. The creation of highly viewed YouTube content used to reap monetary rewards for the creators, which is why fitness professionals created content on this platform. Now however, it has evolved into something much more. As the fitness industry grows instead of a part-time hobby it has become a lucrative occupation. A individual involved in this industry can include: competing in their respective fields (bodybuilding, weightlifting, Cross Fit, etc.); personal training; online coaching; selling workout plans, nutrition; in person training; sponsors (which can be promoted through their respective social media platforms); and personal business endeavours (clothing lines, supplement brands, operating own gym). All of these add revenue to the individual and are often cyclically attached, so one generates customers for the other. Like with anything the more that see you and your accomplishments the more profitable you can become which is why a person’s social media platforms have become so important in building one’s brand. As mentioned these fitness personalities usually have supplement sponsors as most of these athletes are in the top one percent of all people in terms of body aesthetics and performance. When you are in the top one percent of athletes the nutrition and supplementation you take can give you the slight advantage you need to be just that much better than your opponent creating the dependence on these sponsors by all athletes in this industry. However, as is the case in this primarily unregulated industry they are â€Å"playing† with their health and careers. It is hard to believe that an individual who cares so much about their body would put so little research into what they are taking and more importantly what they are promoting. Fitness Industry Supplements The most often-used supplement for any athlete is protein powder. Having a protein powder supplement allows an individual to increase their protein intake while not upping the rest of the macros (protein, fats, and carbohydrates) in their daily consumption. However, in a recent 2010 study done, by Consumer Reports not-for-profit magazine run by U.S. Consumer Union, of the top 15 brands in the industry[26] found at least one product from each brand tested contained detectable amounts of toxic substances.   The toxic substances included cadmium, arsenic, lead and/or mercury. The three most toxic brands contained heavy metal poisoning over the safe allowable amount[27]. These named companies fought back against the report by taking their product line to NSF a non-profit International non-governmental organization, which conducted their own tests. These products passed NSF’s American National Standard for Nutrition/Dietary Supplements testing but Consumer Reports counters that t here is significant variation between samples in a product line and one passed test doesn’t mean every product is safe. The major concern is that prolonged exposure to heavy metal toxicity can cause body toxicity, which can result in further medical issues down the road[28]. The National Science Foundation is an independent subsidiary of the World Health Organization reports there are still many issues with these testing processes. NSF International has legitimate testing which some companies submitted to for independent testing, but they only scored adequately which is also concerning. T Consumer Reports states that the testing of one product doesn’t mean that all the others would be adequate. The alarming truth of these results of high metal toxicity is consumers dont seem to care continuing to buy the products. Statistics show that in 2012 the supplement industry had revenue of roughly $32 billion US and the industry is trending to grow to about $60 billion US by 2021[29]. According to a registered United Kingdom dietician Maeve Hanan there are some benefits to the consumption of protein supplements. Such benefits include helping athletes hit increased protein requirement goals, it is also highly convenient, and it can often be cost efficient as most athletes get their protein supplements through sponsors[30]. However according to Hanan there are far more cons than pros to consuming this form of protein. She includes: an investigation done by UK Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agencies where eighty four tested brands contained dangerous ingredients including steroids, stimulants and hormones that can cause kidney failures, seizures and heart problems[31]. There is also evidence that the prolonged use of protein can cause osteoporosis and several gastrointestinal diseases[32]. As well, Hanan found that the supplement may not actually contain the level of protein advertised, a product said to be containing seventy percent protein in fact had only seven percent[33]. It appears that the issues Maeve Hanan unearthed in protein supplements could be addressed with better testing by the regulating governments. Protein supplements are not the only supplements that fitness professionals take to build muscle. BCAA’s or Branch Chain Amino Acids have also become a go-to for many of the top one-percenters in the industry. These BCAA’s while promoted as a key fitness component for a healthier life, like protein supplements there are negative side effects that arent publicly acknowledged by the athletes and the companies promoting these products. In a study by Luigi et al. it was shown that decreased BCAA consumption improved metabolic health[34]. While improving the metabolic health of the test subjects it also showed to decrease Body Mass Index (BMI) and decrease fat mass of an individual, a goal of the â€Å"fitness personality† low body fat percentage[35]. Although the BCAA’s in this study was dietary BCAA’s found in food, it still applies here. Companies in this industry promote products like BCAA without doing the research needed to prove their effectiveness., The consumer continues to purchase due to the aesthetically appealing people promoting the product are seen as â€Å"believable†. Beautiful people are trustworthier, right? The product that could potentially be the biggest sham and the most harmful to health, are weight loss products. One of the biggest brands in the weight loss industry is Hydroxycut. In 2008 there was a study of Hydroxycut by the World Journal of Gastroenterology analyzing its toxicity. They performed a case study with two confirmed users of Hydroxycut and the symptoms they showed when admitted to hospital. They compiled the results from the two current cases and from the previous literature written about the product and found that there was a correlation between prolonged use of Hydroxycut and heptatoxicity[36]. Both of these test subjects and previous cases exhibited that the prolonged use of this product eventually lead to hepatitis and other liver health issues. The absence of testing of the product that falls under the supplementation guidelines led to negative health implications. Although governments have guidelines, they allow products to avoid testing until after they are on market, which is often too late. Social Media and The Fitness Industry One of the leading researchers in Health Law and particularly this area of Fitness and Social Media is Professor Timothy Caulfield. Professor Caulfield has written numerous books on this subject including The Cure For Everything: Untangling The Twisted Messages About Health Fitness and Happiness and Is Gwenyth Paltrow Wrong About Everything. Both of these books discuss the popular health trends, whether they are diet or fitness trends, and how celebrities promote these. Some of the trends consumers have been following even though there is no scientific evidence of their efficacy. These include:   Juice Cleanses, Colon Cleanses and Gluten Free diets. While juicing has no negative side effects it has also been shown to do no good as it is not a more effective way to get the nutrition from fruits and vegetables and does not flush toxins from the body[37]. Now a trend like colon cleanses while they may make you feel lighter they can actually be quite harmful to the body by causing naus ea vomiting and even infection[38]. Going gluten free is a trend that has really taken off but again no scientific proof that eliminating gluten has any health benefits, while actually some studies have shown that going gluten free can actually lead to weight gain[39]. So why would consumers buy into these fads if there is no scientific proof behind them? The answer is simple because celebrities promote them, and the consumers have no reason not to believe them. Celebrity endorsement might just be the biggest negative in the fitness industry. If there are fitness icons or personalities who promote an untested product it causes the same issue as the diet trend promotions. However in the case of health products promoted by these fitness personalities it is much more harmful due to the elevated heavy metal present in the products. The promotion of these unregulated products is also tied into the celebrity’s unrealistic bodies. Many people forget that these people have full-time jobs devoted to looking amazing. These celebrities are seen as the definition of being healthy and attractive so if one doesnt look like them can create serious body image issues. Instagram is quickly becoming the most popular form of social media. This app has been noted to sharing over 40 billion photos since its creation with about 80 million a day[40]. The purpose of the app is to curate and edit photos and posts with how we want the public to â€Å"view† that particular user. This creates a potentially dangerous atmosphere to those who may be susceptible to an eating disorder. Users need to be educated that users of Instagram may utilize filters, angles and lighting to look as desirable as possible distorting the real image[41]. This not only creates a false reality for the followers of that user but for that user themselves[42]. According to Crystal who is a Masters Level Registered Dietician and a Certified Intuitive Eating Counselor there are certain things to monitor when using Instagram in order to protect against negative self-image, eating disorder, or body issues: What Kind of accounts are you following?Are you preoccupied with food and or/fitness on Instagram in a way that is obsessive or unhealthy?Do you find yourself following certain diet trends or dieting recommendations because of someone or something you found on Instagram?[43]   Instagram personalities not only promote or influence diet trends they also endorse unregulated supplement products, which can add to unhealthy choices. In response Instagram has been tagged with â€Å"creating its own eating disorder†.   According to University College London states that Instagram is the leading cause of Orthorexia Nervosa[44]. Orthorexia Nervosa is an illness focused on an obsession with eating healthy. Symptoms can include: eating excessive fruits and vegetables; cutting out certain food groups; and excessively exercising[45]. While this may seem like just healthy lifestyle choices this illness is related to the severity of the dietary restrictions, leading to malnutrition and social isolation[46]. The reasons given for the Instagram connection is the people followed expose the follower to a extreme health pictures, and social media personalities are seen as authority’s on health and appearance[47]. The Supplementation of the Regulations There are clear issues today that stem from the growth of the fitness industry, but there doesn’t have to be. In the United States and Canada there exists already a structure to properly test all of the supplements that go to market, before the product is released. It is clear that the methods of testing and the standards for this industry are sound, but just not fully implemented. However there should be a complete ban on products leading to heavy metal poisoning.   The amount of testing for each product would increase significantly industry standard of 10 there will need to be an increase of jobs to accommodate for the amount on tests for each product and the amount of lead case workers. Government may consider a number of issues when considering implementing changes: the creation of government jobs versus the lost jobs from supplement companies who can’t comply with new proposed industry standards; the inevitable burden of unhealthy citizens versus a healthier coun try with healthier citizens. Companies like BioTrust seem to be one of the industry standards for the production of healthy products. Tim Skwiat and Shawn Wells directors at BioTrust endorse: Right way: the right people who are formulators (use the right ingredients that work the best rather than look good)Cost of ingredient and the product will be higher because they do studies on the ingredients (healthy human studies, in peer reviewed journals)Take the stuff that we know works and make a product from that.Ingredients are natural (no soy product)Ingredient testing (they never stop testing and letting the product out of their hands)[48] While changing the regulations and possibly the growth of a company like BioTrust will help change the supplementation industry for the better, there doesn’t seem to be a simple fix for the social media issue. There has been extensive research on the relationship to food restrictions at a young age and developing an eating disorder or becoming overweight later in life. According to a study done by Eisenberg & Neumark-Sztanier a survey of adolescents in grades 7–12, 30% of girls and 25% of boys reported teasing by peers about their weight. Such teasing has been found to persist in the home as well  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  29% of girls and 16% of boys reported having been teased by a family member about their weight[49]. Neumark-Sztainer also co-wrote a paper on the effect of this teasing on the children which increases their chances of 1.5 to develop a form of an eating disorder[50]. These trends however are not limited to children being teased it also stems into the perceived norms from social culture or mainstream media. According to a study by Abramovitz & Birch children learn (unhealthy) mainstream attitudes towards food and weight at a very young age, this study looked at five-year-old gi rls and a significant proportion of girls associated a diet with food restriction, weight-loss and thinness[51]. There needs to be more education from the governments around food and healthy ways for kids to eat, which is simply without rigid structure. The rigidity adds to the desire to get attractive or stay thin with extra presence from mainstream culture or social media (Instagram) which encourages the excessive use of supplementation which ends up often making the individual even more unhealthy. This has become a very cyclical and overwhelming problem which needs to be addressed by the governing bodies. If the new structure can’t be implemented then simple education could go a very long way. There needs to be a priority of everyone in the â€Å"industry† to instead of coercing people to get fit, get them healthy instead. Bibliography Abramovitz, B. A. & Birch, L. L. (2000). Five-year-old girls’ ideas about dieting are predicted by their mothers’ dieting. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 100 (10),    1157-1163. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, â€Å"Nutrition Labelling Compliance Test† (9 September 2014), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (website), online: . Danielle Isbell, â€Å"Fitness Trends of the Last Six Decades† (4 June 2015), Spry Living (blog), online: . David Lariviere, â€Å"Nutritional Supplements Flexing Muscles As Growth Industry† (18 April 2013), Forbes (blog), online: . Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, 21 USC s 7 (1994). Eisenberg, M. E. & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2003). Associations of Weight-Based Teasing and Emotional Well-Being Amond Adolescents. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 157(6), 733-738. Food and Drugs, 21 CFR tit 21s s 170.3 (2012). â€Å"How Instagram can encourage eating behaviour disorders†, (3 March 2017), Eating disorder hope(Blog), online: . Ian Kenney, â€Å"Protein Powder Toxicity† (3 October 2017), Livestrong (blog), online:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Lauren Pelley, â€Å"Timothy Caulfield debunks celebrity health trends, from gluten-free diets to colon cleanses†, (8 January 2015), The Star (Newspaper), online:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Lily Dara, Jennifer Hewett & Joseph Lim, â€Å"Hydroxycut Hepatoxicity: A Case series and review of liver toxicity from herbal weight loss supplements† (2008) 14:45 World J of Gastroenterology 6999. Luigi et al. â€Å"Decreased consumption of branch chain amino acids improves metabolic health.† (2016) 16:2 HHS Public Access 520, online: . Maeve Hanan, â€Å"Protien Supplements: Weighing up the Pros and Cons†, (18 October 2015), Dietically Speaking (Blog), online: . Neumark-Sztainer, D. R., Wall, M. M., Haines, J. I., Story, M. T., Sherwood, N. E., van den Berg, P. A. (2007). Shared Risk and Protective Factors for Overweight and Disordered Eating in Adolesecents. American Jounral of Preventative Medicine, 33(5), 359-369. Office of Dietary Supplements, â€Å"Dietary Supplements for Exercise and Athletic Performance† (4 October 2017), National Institutes of Health (websites), online:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Skwiat, Tim Wells, Shawn. â€Å"The Truth About Supplements† (2018) Biotrust Radio (ITunes Podcast). Vanessa Chalmers, â€Å"Is Instagram making you sick? Study explains why photos of breakfast bowls and #fitness inspiration can drive you to an eating disorder.†, (19 May 2017), Daily Mail(Newspaper), online: . [1] Office of Dietary Supplements, â€Å"Dietary Supplements for Exercise and Athletic Performance† (4 October 2017), National Institutes of Health (websites), online: . [2] Supra note 1. [3] Canadian Food Inspection Agency, â€Å"Nutrition Labelling Compliance Test† (9 September 2014), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (website), online: . [4] Supra note 3. [5] Supra note 3. [6] Supra note 3. [7] Food and Drugs, 21 CFR tit 21s s 170.3 (2012). [8] Supra note 7. [9] Supra note 7. [10] Supra note 7. [11] Supra note 7. [12] Supra note 7. [13] Supra note 7. [14] Supra note 7. [15] Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, 21 USC s 7 (1994). [16] Supra note 15. [17] Supra note 15. [18] Supra note 15 [19] Danielle Isbell, â€Å"Fitness Trends of the Last Six Decades† (4 June 2015), Spry Living (blog), online: . [20] Supra note 19. [21] Supra note 17. [22] Supra note 17. [23] Supra note 17. [24] Supra note 17. [25] Supra note 17. [26] Ian Kenney, â€Å"Protein Powder Toxicity† (3 October 2017), Livestrong (blog), online: . [27] Supra note 24. [28] Supra note 24. [29] David Lariviere, â€Å"Nutritional Supplements Flexing Muscles As Growth Industry† (18 April 2013), Forbes (blog),   online: . [30] Maeve Hanan, â€Å"Protien Supplements: Weighing up the Pros and Cons†, (18 October 2015), Dietically Speaking (Blog), online: . [31] Supra note 28. [32] Supra note 28. [33] Supra note 28. [34] Luigi et al. â€Å"Decreased consumption of branch chain amino acids improves metabolic health.† (2016) 16:2 HHS Public Access 520, online: . [35] Supra note 32. [36] Lily Dara, Jennifer Hewett & Joseph Lim, â€Å"Hydroxycut Hepatoxicity: A Case series and review of liver toxicity from herbal weight loss supplements† (2008) 14:45 World J of Gastroenterology 6999. [37]Lauren Pelley, â€Å"Timothy Caulfield debunks celebrity health trends, from gluten-free diets to colon cleanses†, (8 January 2015), The Star (Newspaper), online: . [38] Supra note 35. [39] Supra note 35. [40] â€Å"How Instagram can encourage eating behaviour disorders†, (3 March 2017), Eating disorder hope(Blog), online: . [41] Supra note 38. [42] Supra note 38. [43] Supra note 38. [44] Vanessa Chalmers, â€Å"Is Instagram making you sick? Study explains why photos of breakfast bowls and #fitness inspiration can drive you to an eating disorder.†, (19 May 2017), Daily Mail(Newspaper), online: . [45] Supra note 42. [46] Supra note 42. [47] Supra note 42. [48] Skwiat, Tim Wells, Shawn. â€Å"The Truth About Supplements† (2018) Biotrust Radio (ITunes Podcast). [49] Eisenberg, M. E. & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2003). Associations of Weight-Based Teasing and Emotional Well-Being Amond Adolescents. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 157(6), 733-738. [50] Neumark-Sztainer, D. R., Wall, M. M., Haines, J. I., Story, M. T., Sherwood, N. E., van den Berg, P. A. (2007). Shared Risk and Protective Factors for Overweight and Disordered Eating in Adolesecents. American Jounral of Preventative Medicine, 33(5), 359-369. [51] Abramovitz, B. A. & Birch, L. L. (2000). Five-year-old girls’ ideas about dieting are predicted by their mothers’ dieting. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 100 (10), 1157-1163.

Camus Philosophy As Revealed I :: essays research papers

In L’Etranger, Camus uses Mersaults’ experiences such as his mothers’ death, killing the Arab, the trial, and his interactions with other characters throughout the novel to convey his philosophy, which satisfies all principals of existentialism. To convey his existentialist philosophy, Camus uses the death of Mersaults’ mother in the beginning of the novel. On the first page, Mersault is more concerned about the exact time of his mothers’ death, and not the fact that he recently lost a loved one. This shows that Mersault feels that there is no reason to mourn for his mothers’ death, and also conveys the existentialist idea that reason is powerless to deal with the depths of human life. The fact that Mersault shows no compassion ultimately conveys Camus’ philosophy of existentialism. Also, at Mersaults’ mothers funeral Mersault does not cry or behave the way that society expects him to act. This is because Mersault is an existentialist, and does not act in the ‘appropriate’ manner in which society expects, which makes him estranged from the people around him. In the events leading up to the point when Mersault kills the Arab, the heat, sun, and light begin to affect him more and more, at which point his sensual feelings overwhelm him and cause him to pull the trigger and kill the Arab. This part of the novel shows how Mersault is estranged from nature, in the way that for the first time in the novel the sun and his sensual pleasures begin to act against him, and cause him to lose control. During the trial, Camus begins to ridicule the legal system, and make apparent the fact that Mersault is truly an outsider. Camus does this by making Mersault feel as though he is ‘out of place’ at his trial. He also does this by showing that Mersaults’ case is rushed, due to the fact that there is a more exciting parricide case next. This reveals Camus’ philosophy by Estranging Mersault from society, and legal system. During the time in which Mersault is imprisoned, he begins to feel that he is unable to accept death and wants to ‘escape the inevitable’.(p.104) This is how Camus uses Mersault to explain another principle of existentialism, which is that an existentialist begins to feel fear, anxiety and angst. The reason that Mersault feels this is that he is denied everything in prison and has nothing to deal with but himself, which makes him able to consider what is going to happen to him. Camus Philosophy As Revealed I :: essays research papers In L’Etranger, Camus uses Mersaults’ experiences such as his mothers’ death, killing the Arab, the trial, and his interactions with other characters throughout the novel to convey his philosophy, which satisfies all principals of existentialism. To convey his existentialist philosophy, Camus uses the death of Mersaults’ mother in the beginning of the novel. On the first page, Mersault is more concerned about the exact time of his mothers’ death, and not the fact that he recently lost a loved one. This shows that Mersault feels that there is no reason to mourn for his mothers’ death, and also conveys the existentialist idea that reason is powerless to deal with the depths of human life. The fact that Mersault shows no compassion ultimately conveys Camus’ philosophy of existentialism. Also, at Mersaults’ mothers funeral Mersault does not cry or behave the way that society expects him to act. This is because Mersault is an existentialist, and does not act in the ‘appropriate’ manner in which society expects, which makes him estranged from the people around him. In the events leading up to the point when Mersault kills the Arab, the heat, sun, and light begin to affect him more and more, at which point his sensual feelings overwhelm him and cause him to pull the trigger and kill the Arab. This part of the novel shows how Mersault is estranged from nature, in the way that for the first time in the novel the sun and his sensual pleasures begin to act against him, and cause him to lose control. During the trial, Camus begins to ridicule the legal system, and make apparent the fact that Mersault is truly an outsider. Camus does this by making Mersault feel as though he is ‘out of place’ at his trial. He also does this by showing that Mersaults’ case is rushed, due to the fact that there is a more exciting parricide case next. This reveals Camus’ philosophy by Estranging Mersault from society, and legal system. During the time in which Mersault is imprisoned, he begins to feel that he is unable to accept death and wants to ‘escape the inevitable’.(p.104) This is how Camus uses Mersault to explain another principle of existentialism, which is that an existentialist begins to feel fear, anxiety and angst. The reason that Mersault feels this is that he is denied everything in prison and has nothing to deal with but himself, which makes him able to consider what is going to happen to him.

The Biography of John Forbes Nash †The Mathematician

John Forbes Nash, Junior was born on the 13th of June, 1928. He is one of the renounced mathematicians in annuls of history, and an American born brilliant citizen. He bagged a Nobel memorial prize in 1994 in the field of Economic sciences. This Nobel Prize he shared with other game theorists like Reinhard Selten and John Harsanyi. John Nash is a senior research officer of the mathematics department in Princeton University. In addition to his attainments, he made significant contributions to game theory, equations of partial differentiation, and geometrical differentiation.Family Background Nash is equally an important figure in Hollywood movie. Of notable was â€Å"A beautiful Mind† which was credited as the eight Oscars. The early life of John Nash was spent in West Virginia. His father, John Forbes Nash (Snr) was an electrical electronic while his mother was Margaret Virginia Martin. John Nash was a voracious reader in his early life. Some of the materials found accustomed with were Time Magazine, Life Magazine and Compton’s Encyclopedia. At a tender age of twelve, John demonstrated a life of self-worth irrespective of rejection from his colleagues.He returned vibes and a sense of intellectual superiority for social rejection from his peers. This in a way made him suffered no inferiority complex. For John Nash, the rejection was rather an opportunity to carry out scientific researches without distraction but with utmost concentration. Since there was less interest in his contribution amidst his peers, he maximized the time working alone in his rooms – demonstrating scientific prowess. He demonstrated oddity, doing things in his own way. This was noted by his mother and sister. Attempt at resolving it failed.Nash confessed that it was a book title – Men of Mathematics that got his interest in mathematics ignited. Though he was in high school, he visited Bluefield College regularly for extra study. With Westinghouse Scholarship, Nas h attended Carnegie Mellon University at Pennsylvania where he bagged Bachelor’s and master’s degree in mathematics. He crossed over to the study of mathematics after some academic experience firstly in the department of chemical engineering and chemistry. He bagged master’s degree in 1948. Shortly, Nash took a summer job where he worked on Navy research project at White Oak, Maryland.This was for a while. Academic Achievements Professor of mathematics, R. J. Duffin recommended the appointment of John Nash into the Princeton’s Mathematics department. The singular whole write-up was – â€Å"This man is a genius†. Following this recommendation, Solomon Lefschetz (Chairman, Princeton University Mathematics Department) pursued and persuaded John Nash to drop his second interest in Harvard University for his department. On evaluating that Princeton University placed more value on him, John Nash joined the team at Princeton in 1948.At this univers ity, his work on equilibrium theory speaks volume in the current mathematical world. With a dissertation report in ‘non-cooperative games’, he earned a doctorate degree two years later. Four of his published articles on this theory are; â€Å"equilibrium Points in N-person games†, in the Proceedings of the national Academy of Sciences, â€Å"The Bargaining Problem† in Econometrica, â€Å"Two-person Cooperative Games† in Econometrica and â€Å"Real Algebraic Manifolds†, Annals of mathematics (on algebraic geometry). â€Å"His most famous contribution in pure mathematics was the Nash embedding theorem.The theorem showed that any abstract Riemannian manifold can be isometrically realized as a sub-manifold of Euclidean space. His contribution to the theory of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations is also noted†. He is a genius indeed. Personal Life, Marriage and on Schizophrenia In mid 50s, Nash suffered arrest on moral charge of gay sexual involvement. This led to him losing a post at RAND Corporation. According to Nasar, â€Å"After this traumatic series of career-threatening events, he decided to marry† John Nash met his wife Alicia Lopez-Harrison de Larde in 1951.She is a student of physics in Massachusetts Institute of Technology where Nash lectured. Six years later they got married. In 1959, Nash was admitted to psychiatric hospital for mental treatment where he was diagnosed of paranoid schizophrenia, depression and low self-esteem. Shortly after the incidence, the pregnant Lopez-Harrison birthed their son. He remained nameless for over a years when John Nash could have a fair say on his child. According to Sylvia Nasa’s 1998 biography of Nash in A beautiful Mind, Nash remarried his wife on June 2001 after an interval of seven years divorce.The Nobel Prize won in Economic (1994) was said to be have been somehow instrumental to the reunion. Alicia suffered â€Å"boarder†. In he r words â€Å"†¦we lived like two distantly related ones under the same roof† Nash received some other awards; he was awarded the John von Neumann Theory Prize for his invention of ‘non-cooperative equilibria (now called The Nash Equilibria). He won the Leroy P. Steele Prize as at 1999. Also in 1994, he won Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. His recent work on advanced game theory has invented two popular games viz. Hex and So Long Sucker.In all, he had published 23 scientific reports. What a successful life lived! References Kuhn W. , Harold; Sylvia Nasar (Eds. ). The Essential John Nash (PDF) Introduction, xi. Princeton University Press. Retrieved on 2008-04-30. Nasar, Sylvia. A Beautiful Mind, page 46-47. Simon & Schuster, 1998 Levy, Emanuel (2003, page 145). All about Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards. Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 0826414524. Retrieved on 2008-04-30. http://cepa. newschool. edu/het/profiles/nash. ht m http://nobelprize. org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1994/nash-autobio. html

Free Essays on High Stakes

HIGH STAKES How the war may affect global economies, U.S. politics, and diplomacy The war in Iraq has had and will have lasting effects on economies throughout the world. â€Å"The U.S. and world economy are extremely fragile,† says Allen Sinai, Chief global economist of Decision Economics Inc. consultants. â€Å"A prolonged war would likely trigger a full-fledged global recession.† Many U.S. executives are in unisons saying that a short, decisive war is necessary to spark the economy. The degree of impact, negative or positive, depends greatly on the longevity and outcome of the war. Oil prices have skyrocketed to $38 per barrel from a low last November of $25. The consumers with their war jitters are not spending thus driving consumer spending down to its lowest in nearly a decade. However, triumph on the battlefields could put an end to this gloom. Even before the troops moved into Iraq, oil prices fell 27% to $29.88. Yet with the still underlying threat of new theorists attacks, the price of oil still looms in the valley of the unknowns. If Saddam knocks out key oil fields, the resulting shock would possibly trigger a slump. Other industries such as the airlines are also very vulnerable to war. Many airlines on the verge of bankruptcy may succumb to the drop in air travel. Many flights have been cancelled- people are bracing for the worst. The stock market, the U.S. indicator of â€Å"financial emotions†, is also displaying vast uncertainties among Americans. Will the war in Iraq have an effect on our economy? The answer is, of course, yes. But how much will the war have an impact is really uncertain. The major stake in this â€Å"undeclared war† is certainly our freedom, which at this moment, does not stir major concern on our home front; however, our nation does thrive on the â€Å"demand and supply† of fuel oil, corporate survival and the stock market. All of these factors play a major role in our economy. ... Free Essays on High Stakes Free Essays on High Stakes HIGH STAKES How the war may affect global economies, U.S. politics, and diplomacy The war in Iraq has had and will have lasting effects on economies throughout the world. â€Å"The U.S. and world economy are extremely fragile,† says Allen Sinai, Chief global economist of Decision Economics Inc. consultants. â€Å"A prolonged war would likely trigger a full-fledged global recession.† Many U.S. executives are in unisons saying that a short, decisive war is necessary to spark the economy. The degree of impact, negative or positive, depends greatly on the longevity and outcome of the war. Oil prices have skyrocketed to $38 per barrel from a low last November of $25. The consumers with their war jitters are not spending thus driving consumer spending down to its lowest in nearly a decade. However, triumph on the battlefields could put an end to this gloom. Even before the troops moved into Iraq, oil prices fell 27% to $29.88. Yet with the still underlying threat of new theorists attacks, the price of oil still looms in the valley of the unknowns. If Saddam knocks out key oil fields, the resulting shock would possibly trigger a slump. Other industries such as the airlines are also very vulnerable to war. Many airlines on the verge of bankruptcy may succumb to the drop in air travel. Many flights have been cancelled- people are bracing for the worst. The stock market, the U.S. indicator of â€Å"financial emotions†, is also displaying vast uncertainties among Americans. Will the war in Iraq have an effect on our economy? The answer is, of course, yes. But how much will the war have an impact is really uncertain. The major stake in this â€Å"undeclared war† is certainly our freedom, which at this moment, does not stir major concern on our home front; however, our nation does thrive on the â€Å"demand and supply† of fuel oil, corporate survival and the stock market. All of these factors play a major role in our economy. ...

Nathuram Godse Essays

Nathuram Godse Essays Nathuram Godse Essay Nathuram Godse Essay Thursday, January 29, 1998 Published at 19:05 GMT World The life and death of Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi: 1869 1948 | | Eyewitness account of Gandhis assassination by Robert Stimson for the BBC on Jan 30, 1948 (315)| | Fifty years ago on January 30, 1948, Indias Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, was assassinated. Gandhi, one of the worlds most famous pacifists, was killed by a fellow Hindu.The name mahatma means great soul, and his philosophy of peaceful resistance is widely credited with having forced the peaceful end of British rule of India in 1947, the year before his death. He was born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi on October 2, 1869, into a family of merchants. Breaking with caste tradition, he went to England to study law when he was 19. His fellow students shunned him because he was an Indian. It was in London that he read Henry David Thoreaus Civil Disobedience, which inspired his principle of non-violence. | Remembering Gandhi|He returned to India in 1891. But two years later he left again, this time for South Africa where he was to stay for 20 years. He was the countrys first coloured lawyer to be admitted to the bar. Deeply troubled by the countrys racism towards Indians, he founded the Natal Indian Congress to agitate for Indian rights in 1894. There he also developed his politics of peaceful protests. In 1906, he announced he would go to jail or even die before obeying an anti-Asian law. Thousands of Indians joined him in this civil disobedience campaign, and he was twice imprisoned.Back in India He returned to India in 1914, and began campaigning for home rule and the reconciliation of all classes and religious groups. In 1919 he became a leader in the newly-formed Indian National Congress party. The following year Gandhi launched a campaign of non-cooperation with the British authorities, urging Indians to boycott British courts and government, and spin their own fabrics to replace British goods. This led to his imprisonment fro m 1922-1924. | Thousands marched over 200 miles in protest over Salt taxes| By 1930 M.K. Gandhi had a mass following. To protest against the British salt monopoly and the salt tax, he led thousands of Indians on a 200 mile (320km) march to the Indian ocean to make their own salt. Again, he was jailed. Gandhi had become convinced that India could never be truly free as long as it remained part of the British Empire. At the beginning of the Second World War he demanded independence as Indias price for helping Britain during the war. Independence and partition India finally won independence in 1947.But for Mahatma Gandhi, triumph was tempered with disappointment over the violent partitioning of the country into India and Pakistan. | Violent riots broke out over partition| Nearly one million people died in the riots that ensued between Hindus and Muslims. Mahatma Gandhi had always been against the partition. The year before he had said, Before partitioning India, my body will have to be cut into two pieces. But the alternative to partition was thought to be civil war between Hindus and Muslims, and so at the last minute Gandhi urged the Congress Party to accept partition. Gandhis great grandson, Tushar, remembering Mahatma| When he saw the extent of the bloodshed, Mahatma Gandhi again turned to non-violent protest. He went on a hunger strike, saying he would not eat until the violence stopped and India gave back the 550 m rupees (about ? 40m) that it was holding from Pakistan. But his efforts to achieve reconciliation between Hindus and Muslims eventually brought him death. He was assassinated by a fellow Hindu, Nathuram Godse, who felt that Gandhi had betrayed the Hindu cause.Mahatma Gandhi, aged 78, was on the way to a prayer meeting, when he was shot three times in the chest and died on January 30, 1948. - Top of Form Advanced options | Search tips Bottom of Form Back to top | BBC News Home | BBC Homepage | Â © | | | | Africa | Americas | Asia-Pacific | Europ e | Middle East | South Asia| | Relevant Stories 29 Jan 98Â  |Â  World The lost legacy of Mahatma Gandhi | | | Internet Links The MK Gandhi Institute for non-violence Mahatma Gandhi great pacifists | The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites. | | In this section From Business Microsoft trial mediator appointed Violence greets Clinton visit From Entertainment Taxman scoops a million Safety chief deplores crash speculation Bush calls for American internationalism Hurricane Lenny abates EU fraud: a billion dollar bill Russian forces pound Grozny Senate passes US budget Boy held after US school shooting Cardinal may face loan-shark charges Sudan power struggle denied Sharif: Im innocentFrom Business Vodafone takeover battle heats up Indias malnutrition crisis Next steps for peace Homeless suffer as quake toll rises Dam builders charged in bribery scandal Burundi camps too dire to help DiCaprio film trial begins Memorial for bonfire dead Spy allegations bug South Africa Senate leaders dismissal a good omen Tamil rebels consolidate gains New constitution for Venezuela Hurricane pounds Caribbean Millennium sect heads for the hills South African gays take centre stage Lockerbie trial judges named | | |

The empirical relationship between accounting disclosure and stock Dissertation

The empirical relationship between accounting disclosure and stock market return using portfolio analysis and managerial behavio - Dissertation Example The rapid advances in technology and communication have provided instant access of news on companies and capital markets to investors through mediums such as the Internet and television (Mayer, 2003). Thus, information is now analyzed by investors in a matter of minutes or seconds and decisions on stock investments are taken much more frequently. Companies disclose information on their performance or other aspects through various mediums such as earnings reports, corporate communications and management interviews (Weston, 2009). The investor base is constantly on the lookout for any new information from such events that may help them increase their returns or reduce their risk exposure (Schillhofer, 2008). Based on these factors, it is believed that an empirical relationship exists between accounting disclosures of firms and the performance of related stocks in the market. The paper analyzes the potential existence of such an empirical relationship among companies within the Gulf Coo peration Council (GCC) region by using a numerical analysis on historical information on related parameters. Schillhofer (2008) has shown that earnings disclosures have a direct influence on investor preferences that determine the prices and returns from traded securities. Since then, numerous studies have been carried out to understand the relationship between corporate disclosures and the performances of securities related to the target firms. While this strong relationship is demonstrated among firms based in the developed and western economies, behavior demonstrating the relationship between accounting disclosures and stock returns is rather sparse and relatively unexplored among firms based in Oman and other countries belongings to the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). This paper is an attempt to provide some further investigation into this phenomenon with a specific focus on the firms based out of the GCC member countries. McCahery (2007) believes that research exploring the val ue of information disclosed through annual reports and other corporate disclosures for investment analysis and valuation purposed has been rather limited in nature. This however leads one to question the importance of accounting disclosures and why they are so avidly analyzed by investors. Hirschey (2009) have conducted elaborate surveys of investors and investment analysts and have arrived at a broad consensus over the relevance and importance of the target company’s financial statements, footnotes, Management discussions & analysis (MD & A) as well as the various accounting assumptions and estimates of the company. For example, the release of financial statements and accounts is followed by the annual general meeting (AGM), which in the opinion of Ang (2008) perhaps offers the only opportunity for investors to understand the company’s management, their behavior and their practices to improve the sustainability and prospects of the business. However, Heinrich (2006) c onducted some analytical studies in this regard only to conclude that such meetings did not generally evoke a collective and unilateral reaction from the market. According to Weston (2009), the extent of information available in the market about a company is directly related to the range of disclosures made public by the organization as well as the extent to which the company’s stock is followed by intermediaries such as financial analysts and brokers. Thus, most

Citizens and globalization Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Citizens and globalization - Term Paper Example Globalization can also be said to be as the intensification of the worldwide social activities which has been linked to economic and social activities of the economies (MacGillivray, 2006). The goal of globalization is to provide business world an utmost competitive advantage while having low operating cost to gain worldwide consumers, goods and services. Globalisation uses the diversification phenomenon for the use of resources. It is a strategy that provides a long range of products and services. It enables businesses to compete worldwide by diversification because it includes risk reduction in international trade. It promotes economic growth and performance for a nation. Looking at these factors it can be said that the people around the world do not resist globalisation. It is not a new factor even it has an economic roots i.e. international trade, finance, migration and ideology. The people as the members of the society as the consumers should behave positively with respect to globalization as this gives them the advantage to have a varity of goods and services from around the world (Ilmberger & Robinson, 2002). Globalization also involves innovation due to the commercialization of national technology across international boundaries that is high tech products (includes all electronic, electrical products etc.), all this helps consumers to have better goods and services and take the advantage of technology which is not available locally. Globalisation boosts international travel and tourism indirectly due to the international business. Immigration between countries, formation of free trade zones, growth of cross cultural contacts, enhancement in worldwide culture etc. is increasing due to the globalisation. This is leading to the improvement in the cultural and business practices of the nations and developing people and their business. As the consumer the people are getting advantage of getting different products and services which they have